{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T05:36:01Z","timestamp":1791178561648,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,22]],"date-time":"2014-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31272524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31272524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"PhD Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China","award":["20090008110006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20090008110006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over 3 million racing pigeons (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>olumba livia<\/jats:italic>) are registered in Beijing City Center for gambling purposes. During 2008\u20132010, we evaluated the occurrence and prevalence of <jats:italic>Chlamydia psittaci<\/jats:italic> in racing pigeons as well as the possible zoonotic transmission to pigeon fanciers in six districts of Beijing where pigeon races are particularly popular. <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0psittaci<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific serum antibody titres were obtained from 370 pigeons and 79 fanciers using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, 206 and 67 throat swabs were, respectively, collected from pigeons and fanciers and tested for the presence of chlamydial antigen using immunofluorescence. <jats:italic>C.\u00a0psittaci<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific serum antibody was detected in 37 of 370 pigeons and 19 of 79 fanciers. Of 206 pigeon clinical specimens, 55 were positive for <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0psittaci<\/jats:italic> antigen, while 16 of 67 swabs from the pigeon fanciers were positive. Based on <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic> sequence analysis, the genotype of several avian and human isolates was genotype B. Thus, both high\u2010titre <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0psittaci<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific antibody and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0psittaci<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific antigen were found with relatively high frequency in the pigeon flocks as well as in the pigeon fanciers. Our study suggests that <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0psittaci<\/jats:italic> infection is prevalent among the racing pigeon population in Beijing. Moreover, detection of serum antibodies and antigen in pigeon fanciers suggests that exposure and possible zoonotic transmission of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0psittaci<\/jats:italic> from racing pigeons to humans does occur. In view of the life\u2010threatening respiratory illness <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0psittaci<\/jats:italic> may cause in humans, regulatory public health measures, to prevent further spread of the pathogen in avian populations and possible transmission to exposed humans, are urgently needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,22]],"date-time":"2014-09-22T10:41:10Z","timestamp":1411382470000},"page":"401-406","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Epidemiology of <i>Chlamydia psittaci<\/i> Infection in Racing Pigeons and Pigeon Fanciers in Beijing, China"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Ling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, China Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, China Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, China Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Center Station for Husbandry and Veterinary College of Veterinary Medicine Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, China Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. M.","family":"Bavoil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, China Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.125.9.239"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268811000409"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","first-page":"1889","article-title":"[An outbreak of psittacosis at a bird\u2010fanciers fair in the Netherlands]","volume":"152","author":"Berk Y.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ned. Tijdschr. 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