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In Saskatchewan (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SK<\/jats:styled-content>), Canada, veterinary care is difficult to access in the remote and sparsely inhabited northern half of the province, where the population is predominately Indigenous. Even where veterinary clinics are readily available, there are important barriers such as cost, lack of transportation, unique cultural perspectives on dog husbandry and perceived need for veterinary care. We report the effects of introducing a community action plan designed to improve animal and human health, increase animal health literacy and benefit community well\u2010being in two Indigenous communities where a dog\u2010related child fatality recently occurred. Initial door\u2010to\u2010door dog demographic surveys indicated that most dogs were sexually intact (92% of 382 dogs), and few had ever been vaccinated (6%) or dewormed (6%). Approximately three animal\u2010related injuries requiring medical care were reported in the communities per 1000\u00a0persons per year (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.6\u20136.6), and approximately 86% of 145 environmentally collected dog faecal samples contained parasites, far above levels reported in other urban or rural settings in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SK<\/jats:styled-content>. Following two subsidized spay\/neuter clinics and active rehoming of dogs, parasite levels in dog faeces decreased significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), and important changes were observed in the dog demographic profile. This project demonstrates the importance of engaging people using familiar, local resources and taking a community specific approach. As well, it highlights the value of integrated, cross\u2010jurisdictional cooperation, utilizing the resources of university researchers, veterinary personnel, public health, environmental health and community\u2010based advocates to work together to solve complex issues in One Health. On\u2010going surveillance on dog bites, parasite levels and dog demographics are needed to measure the long\u2010term sustainability of benefits to dog, human and wildlife health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]],"date-time":"2014-11-28T18:46:33Z","timestamp":1417200393000},"page":"445-455","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Stabilizing Dog Populations and Improving Animal and Public Health Through a Participatory Approach in Indigenous Communities"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"J. 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