{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T15:13:09Z","timestamp":1784819589547,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,6]],"date-time":"2015-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Office of Research and Graduate Studies"},{"name":"Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> is a globally distributed parasitic protozoan that infects humans and other warm\u2010blooded vertebrates. Felids are the only definitive host for <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0gondii,<\/jats:italic> and they excrete oocysts in their faeces. The national prevalence in humans is declining in the United States. This zoonotic organism is of particular interest due to its importance in pregnant women, in individuals with altered immune systems, and in reactivated ocular infections. Exposure to the parasite in humans is usually associated with consumption of raw or undercooked meat or by accidental ingestion of oocysts. It was hypothesized that veterinary students would have a greater chance at exposure to the parasite than an average population of undergraduate students due to increased contact with cats who are infected. A commercially available <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> was used to examine serum samples from 336 students (252 veterinary students and 84 undergraduate students) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and the Virginia\u2010Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine for serum IgG antibodies to <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> antigen. The prevalence of <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> in these subjects was 5.6% in veterinary school students (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0252) and 2.4% in undergraduates (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a084). There was no significant difference (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05) in the prevalence of <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> antibodies in veterinary versus undergraduate students. The overall prevalence of 4.8% in all students in this study reflects the continuing decline of antibodies to <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> in humans in the United States.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,6]],"date-time":"2015-03-06T09:29:23Z","timestamp":1425634163000},"page":"553-556","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prevalence of IgG Antibodies to <i><scp>T<\/scp>oxoplasma gondii<\/i> in Veterinary and Undergraduate Students at <scp>V<\/scp>irginia Tech, <scp>B<\/scp>lacksburg, <scp>V<\/scp>irginia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"A. C.","family":"Rosypal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Johnson C. Smith University Charlotte NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. E.","family":"Houk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathology Virginia\u2010Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. M.","family":"Zajac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathology Virginia\u2010Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. S.","family":"Lindsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathology Virginia\u2010Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA"},{"name":"Virginia Tech Faculty of Health Sciences Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1009213286"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7254.142"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2008.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2010.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090203"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.4.357"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.405"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/605433"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"275","article-title":"Standardized quantitative enzyme\u2010linked immunoassay for antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"11","author":"Lin T. M.","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"507","article-title":"Enzyme immunoassay with special reference ELISA technique","volume":"31","author":"Roller A.","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112265","article-title":"Toxoplasma antibody prevalence in veterinary personnel and a selected population not exposed to cats","volume":"103","author":"Sengbush H. G.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-3-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.17.6.988-992.1983","article-title":"Demonstration of intraocular synthesis of immunoglobulin G Toxoplasma antibodies for specific diagnosis of toxoplasmic chorioretinitis by enzyme immunoassay","volume":"17","author":"Turune H. J.","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.29.2.150"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.074716"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"526","article-title":"Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies among veterinary college staff and students, Iowa State University","volume":"91","author":"Zimmerman W. J.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."}],"container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fzph.12184","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/zph.12184","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T16:01:21Z","timestamp":1696003281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/zph.12184"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,6]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/zph.12184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/zph.12184","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-1959","1863-2378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-1959","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-2378","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,6]]}}}