{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T13:28:51Z","timestamp":1759411731190},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,24]],"date-time":"2015-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1440374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004809","name":"Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite the putative endemic status of swine influenza A virus (sw<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAV<\/jats:styled-content>) infections, data on the occurrence of swine influenza outbreaks are scarce in Brazil. The aim of this study was to detect and subtype sw<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAV<\/jats:styled-content>s from six outbreaks of porcine respiratory disease complex (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRDC<\/jats:styled-content>) in southern Brazil. Nasal swabs were collected from 66 piglets with signs of respiratory disease in six herds. Lung tissue samples were collected from six necropsied animals. Virus detection was performed by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> screening and confirmed by virus isolation and hemagglutination (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>). Influenza A subtyping was performed by a real\u2010time reverse transcriptase <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rRT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>) to detect the A(H1N1)pdm09; other sw<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAV<\/jats:styled-content> subtypes were determined by multiplex <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>. In lung tissues, the major bacterial and viral pathogens associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRDC<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>Pasteurella multocida, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Haemophilus parasuis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>2) were investigated. In some affected pigs, clinico\u2010pathological evaluations were conducted. Influenza A was detected by screening <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> in 46 of 66 swab samples and from five of six lungs. Virus was recovered from pigs of all six herds. Subtype A(H1N1)pdm09 was detected in four of six herds and H1N2 in the other two herds. In lung tissues, further agents involved in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRDC<\/jats:styled-content> were detected in all cases; <jats:italic>Pasteurella multocida<\/jats:italic> was identified in five of six samples and <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae<\/jats:italic> in three of six. <jats:italic>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (1\/6), <jats:italic>Haemophilus parasuis<\/jats:italic> (1\/6) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCV<\/jats:styled-content>2 (1\/6) were also detected. These findings indicate that subtypes A(H1N1)pdm09 and H1N2 were present in pigs in southern Brazil and were associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRDC<\/jats:styled-content> outbreaks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,24]],"date-time":"2015-08-24T16:52:57Z","timestamp":1440435177000},"page":"234-240","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Swine Influenza Virus and Association with the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex in Pig Farms in Southern Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Laboratory Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Institute of Basic Health Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"},{"name":"Fepagro Animal Health \u2013Institute of Veterinary Research Desid\u00e9rio Finamor (IPVDF) Eldorado do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. P.","family":"Cibulski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Laboratory Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Institute of Basic Health Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"},{"name":"Fepagro Animal Health \u2013Institute of Veterinary Research Desid\u00e9rio Finamor (IPVDF) Eldorado do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. P.","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Laboratory Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. F.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fepagro Animal Health \u2013Institute of Veterinary Research Desid\u00e9rio Finamor (IPVDF) Eldorado do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. P. M.","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fepagro Animal Health \u2013Institute of Veterinary Research Desid\u00e9rio Finamor (IPVDF) Eldorado do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. M.","family":"Scheffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Laboratory Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Institute of Basic Health Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"},{"name":"Fepagro Animal Health \u2013Institute of Veterinary Research Desid\u00e9rio Finamor (IPVDF) Eldorado do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. C.","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Laboratory Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Institute of Basic Health Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. 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