{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:43:20Z","timestamp":1791265400811,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,18]],"date-time":"2016-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"ERA-NET programme EMIDA (EMIDA19)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antimicrobial (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content>) resistance is an increasing problem in human and veterinary medicine. To manage this problem, the usage of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> should be reduced in pig farming, as well as in other areas. It is important to investigate the factors that influence both pig farmers' and veterinarians' intentions to reduce <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> usage, which is a prerequisite for developing intervention measures. We conducted a mail survey among pig farmers (<jats:italic>N\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>1,294) and an online survey among veterinarians (<jats:italic>N\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>334) in Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland. The farmers' survey assessed the perceived risks and benefits of and need for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> usage; the intention to reduce <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> usage; farmers' efficacy (i.e. perception of their ability to reduce <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> usage); support from their veterinarian; and the future reduction potential of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> usage. Additionally, self\u2010reported reduction behaviours, the perceived farmers' barriers to reduce <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> usage and relationships with farmers were assessed in the veterinarians' survey. The results showed that farmers and veterinarians had similar perceptions of the risks and benefits of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> usage. Veterinarians appeared to be more optimistic than pig farmers about reducing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> usage in pig farming. Farmers believed that their efficacy over <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> reduction was relatively high. Farmers' intention to reduce <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> usage and veterinarians' self\u2010reported reduction behaviours were mainly associated with factors concerning the feasibility of reducing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> usage. To promote prudent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AM<\/jats:styled-content> usage, pig farmers should learn and experience how to reduce usage by applying alternative measures, whereas veterinarians should strengthen their advisory role and competencies to support and educate farmers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,18]],"date-time":"2016-02-18T22:21:09Z","timestamp":1455834069000},"page":"534-544","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["A Comparison of Pig Farmers' and Veterinarians' Perceptions and Intentions to Reduce Antimicrobial Usage in Six European Countries"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"V. H. M.","family":"Visschers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental Decisions, Consumer Behavior ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Backhans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Collineau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAFOSO AG Bern\u2010Liebefeld Switzerland"},{"name":"LUNAM Universit\u00e9, Oniris INRA UMR1300 BioEpAR Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Loesken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Station for Epidemiology University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Bakum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. O.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Veterinary and Food Administration Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Postma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health Veterinary Epidemiology Unit Ghent University Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Belloc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LUNAM Universit\u00e9, Oniris INRA UMR1300 BioEpAR Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Dewulf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health Veterinary Epidemiology Unit Ghent University Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Emanuelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"grosse Beilage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Station for Epidemiology University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Bakum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Siegrist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental Decisions, Consumer Behavior ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Sj\u00f6lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies National Veterinary Institute Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. D. C.","family":"St\u00e4rk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAFOSO AG Bern\u2010Liebefeld Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2013.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"Belgian FPS Economy SMEs & Self\u2010Employed and Energy 2013:Landbouwgegevens van 2013[Agricultural Data of 2013] [Online]. Belgian Federal Government. Available at:http:\/\/statbel.fgov.be\/nl\/modules\/publications\/statistiques\/economie\/downloads\/landbouw_landbouwgegevens_ van_2013.jsp#.VHhnCqLjePY [accessed on November 26 2014]."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.155.23.733"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt443"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to African Swine Fever within smallholder pig production in Northern Uganda","author":"Chenais E.","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.102686"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","volume-title":"Statistics 2013, pigmeat","author":"Danish Agriculture & Food Council","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.101454"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2009.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"European Commission 2011:Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council: Action Plan against the Rising Threats from Antimicrobial Resistance (COM\/2011\/748) [Online]. Brussels: European Commission. Available at:http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/dgs\/health_food-safety\/docs\/communication_amr_2011_748_en.pdf [accessed on August 21 2015]."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"European Surveillance of Veterinary Antimicrobial Consumption (ESVAC) 2014:Sales of veterinary antimicrobial agents in 26 EU\/EEA countries in 2012: Fourth ESVAC report. London: European Medicines Agency."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","volume-title":"Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research","author":"Fishbein M.","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2007.01077.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12189"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2013.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","unstructured":"German Federal Statistical Office 2014:Viehhaltung der Betriebe \u2010 Agrarstrukturerhebung 2013 [Livestock Holdings \u2010 Agricultural Structure Survey 2013]. Wiesbaden Germany: German Federal Statistical Office."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2014.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2009.0352"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2014.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku347"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","unstructured":"Postma M. A.Backhans L.Collineau S.Loesken M.Sj\u00f6lund C.Belloc U.Emanuelson E.grosse Beilage K. D. C.St\u00e4rk andJ.Dewulf in press:The biosecurity status and its associations with production and management characteristics in farrow\u2010to\u2010finish pig herds."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14792772143000003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2015.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","unstructured":"SSP\u2010Agreste 2011:Enqu\u00eate cheptel novembre 2011 [Livestock survey November 2011]. Montreuil\u2010sous\u2010Bois: French Ministry of Agriculture Food and Forest."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","unstructured":"Statistics Sweden 2014:Jordbruksstatistisk \u00e5rsbok 2014 med data om livsmedel [Yearbook of agricultural statistics 2014 including food statistics]. \u00d6rebro: Statistics Sweden."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","unstructured":"Swiss Statistics 2014:Agricultural Indicators \u2010 Structures of Livestock Populations [Online]. Neuch\u00e2tel Swiss Statistics. Available at:http:\/\/www.bfs.admin.ch\/bfs\/portal\/de\/index\/themen\/07\/03\/blank\/ind24.indicator. 240205.2402.html [accessed on November 26 2014]."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1503141112"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2015.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.132.2.249"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","volume-title":"Antimicrobial resistance: Global report on surveillance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fzph.12260","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/zph.12260","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T20:42:30Z","timestamp":1696192950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/zph.12260"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,18]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/zph.12260"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/zph.12260","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-1959","1863-2378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-1959","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-2378","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,18]]}}}