{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:29:19Z","timestamp":1791944959911,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,23]],"date-time":"2016-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1466640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000277","name":"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SEV3500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SEV3500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000277","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In Nepal, most dogs are free to roam and may transmit diseases to humans and animals. These dogs often suffer from malnutrition and lack basic health care. Minimal information is available about their demographics and about public attitudes concerning dogs and diseases. We carried out a study in Chitwan District (central Nepal), to collect baseline data on free\u2010roaming owned dog demographics, assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of dog owners concerning dogs and rabies, evaluate rabies vaccination coverage and anthelmintic treatment of dogs, measure dogs' response to rabies vaccination and assess dog health through body condition scores and parasites. We conducted household interviews with owners of free\u2010roaming female dogs (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a060) and administered dogs with rabies vaccination and anthelmintics. Dog owners regularly fed free\u2010roaming dogs but provided minimal health care; 42% of respondents did not claim ownership of the dog for which they provided care. We collected skin, faecal and blood samples for parasite identification and for measuring rabies virus\u2010specific antibodies. Ninety\u2010two per cent of dog owners were aware of the routes of rabies virus transmission, but only 35% described the correct post\u2010exposure prophylaxis (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) following a dog bite. Twenty\u2010seven per cent of the dogs had measurable rabies virus\u2010specific antibody titres and 14% had received anthelmintics in the previous year. Following rabies vaccination, 97% of dogs maintained an adequate antibody titre for \u22656\u00a0months. Most dogs appeared healthy, although haemoprotozoans, endoparasites and ectoparasites\u00a0were identified in 12%, 73% and 40% of the dogs, respectively. Poor skin condition and parasite load were associated. Seventy\u2010four per cent of the females had litters in 1\u00a0year (mean litter size\u00a0=\u00a04.5). Births occurred between September and February; we estimated 60% mortality in puppies. We concluded that vaccination coverage,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    awareness and anthelmintic treatment should be emphasized in educational programmes focussed on animal welfare, veterinary and public health.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]],"date-time":"2016-06-24T07:24:06Z","timestamp":1466753046000},"page":"29-40","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Free\u2010Roaming Dogs in Nepal: Demographics, Health and Public Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Massei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal and Plant Health Agency National Wildlife Management Centre York UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. R.","family":"Fooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal and Plant Health Agency Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector\u2010borne Disease Research Group Weybridge UK"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology University of Liverpool Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. L.","family":"Horton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal and Plant Health Agency Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector\u2010borne Disease Research Group Weybridge UK"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine University of Surrey Guildford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Callaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal and Plant Health Agency National Wildlife Management Centre York UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Himalayan Animal Rescue Trust Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I. P.","family":"Dhakal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Animal Science Veterinary Science and Fisheries Agricultural and Forestry University (AFU) Rampur Chitwan Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Dahal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Animal Health Department of Livestock Services Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inhe.2011.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002721"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/bjvm.v13i1.23722"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2013.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-70060-6_92"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"611","article-title":"Accessibility of dog populations for rabies control in Kathmandu valley, Nepal","volume":"68","author":"B\u00f6gel K.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Bull. 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