{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T09:50:15Z","timestamp":1751968215841},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"ZonMW","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["205520010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["205520010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Netherlands underwent a large Q fever outbreak between 2007 and 2009. In this paper, we study spatial and temporal <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic> exposure trends during this large outbreak as well as validate outcomes against other published studies and provide evidence to support hypotheses on the causes of the outbreak. To achieve this, we develop a framework using a dose\u2013response model to translate acute Q fever case incidence into exposure estimates. More specifically, we incorporate a geostatistical model that accounts for spatial and temporal correlation of exposure estimates from a human Q fever dose\u2013response model to quantify exposure trends during the outbreak. The 2051 cases, with the corresponding age, gender and residential addresses, reside in the region with the highest attack rates during the outbreak in the Netherlands between 2006 and 2009. We conclude that the multiyear outbreak in the Netherlands is caused by sustained release of infectious bacteria from the same sources, which suggests that earlier implementation of interventions may have prevented many of the cases. The model predicts the risk of infection and acute symptomatic Q fever from multiple exposure sources during a multiple\u2010year outbreak providing a robust, evidence\u2010based methodology to support decision\u2010making and intervention design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T06:12:46Z","timestamp":1471932766000},"page":"118-126","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Use of a Dose\u2013Response Model to Study Temporal Trends in Spatial Exposure to <i>Coxiella burnetii<\/i>: Analysis of a Multiyear Outbreak of Q Fever"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"R. J.","family":"Brooke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. F. M.","family":"Teunis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Control RIVM Bilthoven The Netherlands"},{"name":"Hubert Department of Global Health Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. E. E.","family":"Kretzschmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Control RIVM Bilthoven The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. C. H.","family":"Wielders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Control RIVM Bilthoven The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control Jeroen Bosch Hospital \u2018s\u2010Hertogenbosch The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. M.","family":"Schneeberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control Jeroen Bosch Hospital \u2018s\u2010Hertogenbosch The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. A.","family":"Waller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"81","article-title":"Q fever: a zoonosis","volume":"5","author":"Babudieri B.","year":"1959","journal-title":"Adv. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-488"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2014.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000574"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12163"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"CBS.Statistics netherlands.http:\/\/statline.cbs.nl\/StatWeb\/selection\/?DM=SLNL&PA=80667NED&VW=T. 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