{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T03:48:08Z","timestamp":1793159288084,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]],"date-time":"2016-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005663","name":"Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5U38HM000414\u2010005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5U38HM000414\u2010005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Campylobacteriosis is an enteric illness caused by bacteria of the genus <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>. There are approximately 900 culture\u2010confirmed cases of campylobacteriosis reported annually to the Minnesota Department of Health (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDH<\/jats:styled-content>). Case patients are interviewed about risk factors, including foods eaten, recreational and drinking water exposures and animal contact. In September 2013, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDH<\/jats:styled-content> identified two <jats:italic>Campylobacter jejuni<\/jats:italic> cases who reported working at the same wildlife rehabilitation centre before illness onset. This report describes the investigation, which used a case\u2013control study design, and identified 16 additional ill persons, for a total of 18 ill persons. Both cases and controls reported working with a variety of animals, including squirrels, chipmunks, mice, raccoons, opossums, rabbits, songbirds, waterfowl and reptiles. In univariate analyses, contact with a number of different animal species was significantly associated with illness, including raccoons (odds ratio [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>], 11.1; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), chipmunks (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>, 3.65; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01), opossums (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>, 4.38; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005), mice (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>, 4.18; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01) and rabbits (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>, 4.36; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003). In a multivariate model, contact with raccoons was the only exposure independently associated with illness (adjusted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>, 12.2; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01). Bacterial culture and subtyping of the outbreak strain of <jats:italic>C.\u00a0jejuni<\/jats:italic> from raccoon faecal samples further implicated raccoons as the source of the outbreak. Not all of the cases reported handling raccoons, suggesting that environmental contamination contributed to transmission. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDH<\/jats:styled-content> worked with the wildlife rehabilitation centre's management to strengthen biosecurity and infection control protocols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]],"date-time":"2016-08-30T13:26:15Z","timestamp":1472563575000},"page":"222-227","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Outbreak of Campylobacteriosis Associated with Raccoon Contact at a Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre, Minnesota, 2013"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Saunders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Prevention University of Minnesota Health Minneapolis MN USA"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Prevention and Control Division Minnesota Department of Health St. Paul MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Prevention and Control Division Minnesota Department of Health St. Paul MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Schott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Rehabilitation Center Roseville MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Dobbins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory Minnesota Department of Health St. Paul MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Scheftel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Prevention and Control Division Minnesota Department of Health St. Paul MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036256"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2002.01966.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01433-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"153","article-title":"Outbeak of Campylobacter infection among farm workers: an occupational hazard","volume":"21","author":"Ellis A.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Can. 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