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From 140 household herds selected, 508 (60.5%) goats and 332 (39.5%) sheep were included and an indirect <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> assay for <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic> IgG antibodies performed. In addition, epidemiological information at both herd and animal level was collected. Generalized mixed\u2010effects multivariable logistic model using herd as the random effect was used to determine variables correlated to the outcome. Overall seroprevalence was 20.5% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 17.8%, 23.3%). Goats had 26.0% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 22.2%, 30.0%) compared to sheep 12.2% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 8.7%, 16.0%). Nomadic pastoralism, goats and older animals (&gt;1\u00a0year) were associated with greater risk of <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic> seropositivity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22640.05). Heterogeneity in <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic> seropositivity was observed across the sublocations (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.028). Evidence of <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic> exposure in small ruminants revealed poses a potential risk of exposure to the people living in close proximity to the animals. We recommended integrated animal\u2013human surveillance and socio\u2010economic studies for <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic>, to aid our understanding of the risk of transmission between the animals and humans, and in the design of prevention and control strategies for the disease in the region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,24]],"date-time":"2017-01-24T15:05:13Z","timestamp":1485270313000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Seroprevalence and Factors Associated with <i>Coxiella burnetii<\/i> Infection in Small Ruminants in Baringo County, Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Muema","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (FELTP) Nairobi Kenya"},{"name":"Zoonotic Disease Unit Directorate of Veterinary Service Nairobi Kenya"},{"name":"College of Health Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture &amp; Technology Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. 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