{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T06:47:30Z","timestamp":1774766850695,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,12]],"date-time":"2017-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Strategic Program of the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>infections cause a large disease burden in the Netherlands, with an estimated health loss of 1,900 Disability Adjusted Life Years and a cost\u2010of\u2010illness estimated at \u20ac44 million annually. Infections in humans occur via exposure to oocysts in the environment and after eating undercooked meat containing tissue cysts, leading to asymptomatic or mild symptoms, but potentially leading to the development of ocular toxoplasmosis. Infection in pregnant women can lead to stillbirth and disorders in newborns. At present, prevention is only targeted at pregnant women. Cat vaccination, freezing of meat destined for undercooked consumption and enhancing biosecurity in pig husbandries are possible interventions to prevent toxoplasmosis. As these interventions bear costs for sectors in society that differ from those profiting from the benefits, we perform a social cost\u2010benefit analysis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCBA<\/jats:styled-content>). In an<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCBA<\/jats:styled-content>, costs and benefits of societal domains affected by the interventions are identified, making explicit which stakeholder pays and who benefits. Using an epidemiological model, we consider transmission of<jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic>after vaccination of all owned cats or cats at livestock farms. To identify relevant high\u2010risk meat products that will be eaten undercooked, a quantitative microbial risk assessment model developed to attribute predicted<jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic>infections to specific meat products will be used. In addition, we evaluate serological monitoring of pigs at slaughter followed by an audit and tailor made advice for farmers in case positive results were found. The benefits will be modelled stochastically as reduction in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DALY<\/jats:styled-content>s and monetized in Euro's following reference prices for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DALY<\/jats:styled-content>s. If the balance of total costs and benefits is positive, this will lend support to implementation of these preventive interventions at the societal level. Ultimately, the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCBA<\/jats:styled-content>will provide guidance to policy makers on the most optimal intervention measures to reduce the disease burden of<jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic>in the Netherlands.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,12]],"date-time":"2017-11-12T23:12:35Z","timestamp":1510528355000},"page":"185-194","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["The design of a Social Cost\u2010Benefit Analysis of preventive interventions for toxoplasmosis: An example of the One Health\u00a0approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"A. W. 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