{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:52:58Z","timestamp":1791420778595,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,9]],"date-time":"2018-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CP12\/03081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP12\/03081"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>sp. is probably the most common enteric parasite in humans globally. Although the role of<jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>in human disease is still controversial, epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that pathogenicity may be associated with certain subtypes of the protist. Since the life cycle of<jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>is maintained through still elusive pathways, companion animals have attracted the attention of researchers as potential reservoirs of human infections. In order to evaluate the risk of zoonotic transmission of<jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>, we investigated the occurrence and molecular diversity of this microorganism in human, canine and feline populations sharing temporal and spatial settings in the province of \u00c1lava, northern Spain. A total of 268 (including 179 human, 55 canine and 34 feline) faecal specimens were obtained from 63 family households during February\u2013December 2014. Detection of<jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>was achieved by PCR amplification and sequencing of small subunit rRNA genes.<jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>was found in 35.2% (95% CI: 0.29%\u20130.42%) of the human stool samples analysed, but not in any of the canine or feline faecal specimens investigated. Out of the 63 PCR\u2010positive human samples, 84.1% (53\/63) were successfully subtyped, allowing the identification of the subtypes ST2 (62.3%), ST3 (17.0%), ST1 (13.2%) and ST4 (7.5%). No mixed subtype infections were identified.<jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>carriage was independent of the gender and region of origin of the affected individuals, but children in the age groups of &gt;5\u201210\u00a0years and &gt;10\u201215\u00a0years were significantly more affected by the protist. None of the risk factors considered (water\u2010use practices, contact with livestock, contact with individual undergoing diarrhoeal episodes) were associated with increased prevalence of<jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>. Our data demonstrate that pet dogs and cats play a negligible role as natural reservoirs of human<jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>infection in this geographic region, although the applicability of these results should be corroborated in future molecular epidemiological studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]],"date-time":"2018-09-10T04:03:47Z","timestamp":1536552227000},"page":"993-1002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Occurrence and subtype distribution of<i>Blastocystis<\/i>sp. in humans, dogs and cats sharing household in northern Spain and assessment of zoonotic transmission risk"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Silvia","family":"Paulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Service Quir\u00f3n Madrid University Hospital Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela C.","family":"K\u00f6ster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory National Centre for Microbiology, Carlos III Health Institute Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida","family":"de Lucio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory National Centre for Microbiology, Carlos III Health Institute Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez\u2010de\u2010Mingo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory National Centre for Microbiology, Carlos III Health Institute Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermo A.","family":"Cardona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Livestock Laboratory Regional Government of \u00c1lava Vitoria\u2010Gasteiz Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C.","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Crespo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sub\u2010Direction of Public Health of \u00c1lava, Department of Health Basque Government Vitoria\u2010Gasteiz Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christen R.","family":"Stensvold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi Statens Serum Institut Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4015-8553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Carmena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory National Centre for Microbiology, Carlos III Health Institute Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(02)00050-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013000255"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2012.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.protis.2013.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.14810"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-3805-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2016.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-1-40"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(97)00042-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"850","article-title":"Prevalence of Blastocystis in animals from domesticated surroundings","volume":"27","author":"Chuong L. 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