{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T15:30:33Z","timestamp":1784302233863,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,20]],"date-time":"2018-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Giardia duodenalis<\/jats:italic> is a relevant gastrointestinal protozoan pathogen of humans and animals. This species complex consists of eight genetically different assemblages. Assemblages A and B are pathogenic to humans and pets, thus confer zoonotic potential. The risk of zoonotic transmission has been controversially discussed. The aim of this monocentric cross\u2010sectional pilot study was to investigate <jats:italic>G.\u00a0duodenalis<\/jats:italic> assemblages in humans and pets living in common households in Berlin\/Brandenburg (Germany). Samples from dogs, cats and humans sharing the same households were screened for <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic> infection by antigen\u2010detecting assays. All human samples were additionally analysed by a <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific qPCR. Cyst quantification and sequences of different gene loci (triosephosphate isomerase (<jats:italic>tpi<\/jats:italic>), glutamate dehydrogenase (<jats:italic>gdh<\/jats:italic>), \u03b2\u2010giardin (<jats:italic>bg<\/jats:italic>) and for dogs SSUrDNA) were analysed. A total of 38 households (31 households with dogs and seven with cats) with 69 human individuals participated in the study. Initial antigen\u2010detecting assays revealed <jats:italic>Giardia\u2010<\/jats:italic>positive results for 13 (39%) canine, one (14%) feline and one human sample. Reanalysis of the human samples by qPCR revealed two more positive specimens (4%). Two of these three samples were identified as assemblage B at all tested loci. Success rate of assemblage typing for pet samples was generally low and comprised mainly the SSUrDNA locus only. Overall, six of 13 <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>\u2010positive canine samples were typable (2\u00d7 A, 1\u00d7 co\u2010infection: A and B, 1\u00d7 C; 2\u00d7 D). One pair of samples (dog and human) from the same household had a similar but not identical assemblage B sequence at <jats:italic>tpi<\/jats:italic> locus. Assemblage A was also detected in the dog specimen, which hampered sequence analysis. In conclusion, although exhibiting limitations due to the sample size, our study highlights the need for better and standardized typing tools to distinguish <jats:italic>G.\u00a0duodenalis <\/jats:italic>strains with higher resolution in order to perform proper case\u2013control studies for a realistic estimation of zoonotic risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]],"date-time":"2018-11-21T04:06:01Z","timestamp":1542773161000},"page":"117-124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["<i>Giardia duodenalis<\/i> in small animals and their owners in Germany: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6344-9233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sina","family":"Rehbein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Klotz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Mycotic and Parasitic Agents and Mycobacteria (FG16) Robert Koch\u2010Institute Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Ignatius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MVZ Labor 28 Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Hygiene Charit\u00e9\u2010Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LABOKLIN GmbH &amp; CO. 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