{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T22:54:04Z","timestamp":1792623244264,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,20]],"date-time":"2019-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000278","name":"Department for International Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000278","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000270","name":"Natural Environment Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/L019019\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/L019019\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007270","name":"University of Michigan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the causative agent of Query fever (Q fever), is among the most highly infectious zoonotic pathogens transmitted among livestock, with chronic effects challenging to veterinary and medical detection and care systems. Transmission among domestic livestock species can vary regionally due to herd management practices that determine which livestock species are raised, whether or not livestock are in contact with wildlife, and the susceptibility of these livestock to infection. To explore how different livestock management practices are associated with the risk of infection in multispecies environments, we carried out a comparative study of three types of herd management systems in the central Kenyan county of Laikipia: agro\u2010commercial, mixed conservancy\/commercial, and smallholder ranches. We tested\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    antibody seroprevalence in four common livestock species. Across all management types, the highest seroprevalence was in camels (20%), followed by goats (18%), sheep (13%), and cattle (6%). We observed a lower odds of testing seropositive for young compared to adult animals (adjusted OR\u00a0=\u00a00.44 [95% CI 0.24, 0.76]), and for males compared to females (adjusted OR\u00a0=\u00a00.52 [95% CI 0.33, 0.80]). Animals from mixed conservancy\/commercial and smallholder operations had a higher odds of testing seropositive compared to animals from agro\u2010commercial ranches (adjusted OR\u00a0=\u00a05.17 [95% CI 2.71, 10.44] and adjusted OR\u00a0=\u00a02.21 [95% CI 1.17, 4.43] respectively). These data suggest that herd management practices might affect the transmission dynamics of\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    in arid African ecosystems like those seen in Kenya where several transmission modes are possible, risk of drought has promoted new livestock species such as camels, and multiple wildlife species may co\u2010occur with livestock on the landscape. Further longitudinal studies are needed to disentangle the mechanisms underlying these patterns, and further explore transmission patterns between wildlife, domestic animal, and human populations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,20]],"date-time":"2019-02-20T20:49:42Z","timestamp":1550695782000},"page":"316-324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["The sero\u2010epidemiology of\n                    <i>Coxiella burnetii<\/i>\n                    (Q fever) across livestock species and herding contexts in Laikipia County, Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Peter S.","family":"Larson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1320-3056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leon","family":"Espira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cole","family":"Grabow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine A.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dishon","family":"Muloi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"},{"name":"International Livestock Research Institute Nairobi Kenya"},{"name":"Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0532-3832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. Springer","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Louis Zoo Institute for Conservation Medicine Saint Louis Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon L.","family":"Deem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Louis Zoo Institute for Conservation Medicine Saint Louis Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric M.","family":"F\u00e8vre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Livestock Research Institute Nairobi Kenya"},{"name":"Institute of Infection and Global Health University of Liverpool Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Foufopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Hardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph N. S.","family":"Eisenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"316","article-title":"Shedding of Coxiella burnetii in milk by Nigerian dairy and dual purposes cows","volume":"12","author":"Adesiyun A. A.","year":"1985","journal-title":"International Journal of Zoonoses"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii antibodies in some Nigerian dairy cows and their suckling calves","volume":"11","author":"Adesiyun A. A.","year":"1984","journal-title":"International Journal of Zoonoses"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-7-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"xxvii","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203105979","volume-title":"Pastoralism and development in Africa: Dynamic change at the margins","author":"Catley A.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2011.08.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"335","volume-title":"Having herds: Pastoral herd growth and household economy","author":"Dahl G.","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-014-0924-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","unstructured":"District of Laikipia(2007).Laikipia fact sheet 2005\u20102007. Laikipia District Laikipia Kenya."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2015.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/596705"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.327.5963.266-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(2017).Kenya County profiles."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03472-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2325-9590.1000109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/vetworld.2012.394-397"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13570-014-0013-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0169"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.4.518"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-012-0268-0"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","first-page":"619","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies among farm animals and human contacts in Egypt","volume":"8","author":"Nahed Ghoneim H. E. G.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of American Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2004.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"316","article-title":"Geographical distribution modelling for Neospora caninum and Coxiella burnetii infections in dairy cattle farms in northeastern Spain","volume":"141","author":"Nogareda C.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epidemiology and Infection"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09709274.2009.11906178"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"Facilitation between bovids and equids on an African savanna","volume":"13","author":"Odadi W. O.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evolutionary Ecology Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir411"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-006-0170-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70052-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2003.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008623"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1007.030724"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09603123.2011.574270"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2014.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002787"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652442"}],"container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fzph.12567","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/zph.12567","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/zph.12567","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/zph.12567","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T08:42:28Z","timestamp":1694335348000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/zph.12567"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,20]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/zph.12567"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/zph.12567","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-1959","1863-2378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-1959","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-2378","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-09-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-01-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-02-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}