{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T02:09:52Z","timestamp":1747188592808,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]],"date-time":"2019-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D43TW009373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43TW009373"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010six per cent of Mongolians live pastoral lifestyles, increasing their likelihood of exposure to ticks and placing them at a higher risk for contracting tick\u2010borne diseases (TBDs). <jats:italic>Anaplasma <\/jats:italic>spp. and <jats:italic>Rickettsia <\/jats:italic>spp. have been identified in ticks, livestock and humans in Mongolia, but no known qualitative research has been conducted investigating the association between nomadic herder characteristics, tick bite history and exposure to TBDs. To better understand the association between self\u2010reported tick bites and symptoms versus actual exposure to TBDs, this study paired serological data with 335 surveys administered to Mongolian herders, ages 12\u201369, from 2014 to 2015. Logistic regression results identified no significant associations between reported tick bites or symptoms with serological evidence of <jats:italic>Anaplasma <\/jats:italic>spp. and <jats:italic>Rickettsia <\/jats:italic>spp. controlling for age, gender and aimag. Among the 335 respondents who were seropositive to either <jats:italic>Anaplasma <\/jats:italic>spp. or <jats:italic>Rickettsia <\/jats:italic>spp., 32.9% self\u2010reported experiencing abnormal symptoms such as redness, inflammation, headache, arthritis or fever after being bitten. Alternatively, 17.3% (58\/335) of individuals reported experiencing symptoms following a tick bite in instances where serological results indicated no exposure to <jats:italic>Anaplasma <\/jats:italic>spp. or <jats:italic>Rickettsia <\/jats:italic>spp. Results also identified inconsistencies in reporting and seroprevalence among different age groups, with children having the highest reporting and treatment seeking rates but low levels of exposure in comparison with other groups. While survey results showed that individuals were aware of peak tick seasons and tick species that inhabit specific areas, 58% of heads of households (49\/84) were unaware that ticks can cause disease in livestock or dogs. This study suggests that herders are an at\u2010risk population in Mongolia with gaps in awareness of TBD risk. Increased surveillance paired with focused outreach to prevent TBDs targeted to the herder population is encouraged.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]],"date-time":"2019-04-10T09:21:11Z","timestamp":1554888071000},"page":"480-486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Discrepancies between self\u2010reported tick bites and evidence of tick\u2010borne disease exposure among nomadic Mongolian herders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Sukhbaatar","family":"Lkhagvatseren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Medicine Ulaanbaatar Mongolia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn M.","family":"Hogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global and Community Health George Mason University Fairfax Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bazartseren","family":"Boldbaatar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Medicine Ulaanbaatar Mongolia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2938-4549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael E.","family":"von Fricken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global and Community Health George Mason University Fairfax Virginia"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease, Duke Global Health Institute Duke University Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin D.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease, Duke Global Health Institute Duke University Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura A.","family":"Pulscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease, Duke Global Health Institute Duke University Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Caddell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pagbajabyn","family":"Nymadawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mongolian Academy of Medical Sciences Ulaanbaatar Mongolia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory C.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease, Duke Global Health Institute Duke University Durham North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Asian Development Bank Operations Evaluation Department(2008).Mongolia: Health and social protection. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.oecd.org\/countries\/mongolia\/42227662.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-225"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199511163332004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6502a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-1981-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Emerging zoonoses and pathogens of public health significance\u2013an overview","volume":"23","author":"Brown C.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Revue Scientifique Et Technique"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2778","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.7.2778-2780.2000","article-title":"Identification of Ehrlichia chaffeensis by nested PCR in ticks from Southern China","volume":"38","author":"Cao W.\u2010C.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4208","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.11.4208-4210.2000","article-title":"Granulocytic Ehrlichiae in ixodes persulcatus ticks from an area in China where lyme disease is endemic","volume":"38","author":"Cao W.\u2010C.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/30.1.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2014.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-012-0795-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-44.3.569"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2015.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2017.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Natural Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in ticks from a forest area of Selenge province, Mongolia","volume":"5","author":"Javkhlan G.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14515-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2011.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.67.47"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006696"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2015.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.4.719-756.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008686.2018.1450591"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.26-4-125"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/32.5.730"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/31.2.206"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","first-page":"006","article-title":"Detection and epidemiology of tick\u2010borne pathogens in free\u2010ranging livestock in Mongolia","volume":"3","author":"Papageorgiou S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2012.04.001"},{"volume-title":"Tick management handbook","year":"2004","author":"Stafford K. C.","key":"e_1_2_9_32_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmg422"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.11.5161-5165.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2006.01.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.12-0361"}],"container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/zph.12579","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/zph.12579","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/zph.12579","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T23:20:37Z","timestamp":1694301637000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/zph.12579"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/zph.12579"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/zph.12579","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-1959","1863-2378"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1863-1959"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1863-2378"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-10-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}