{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T02:09:53Z","timestamp":1747188593852,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]],"date-time":"2019-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004481","name":"University of Tehran","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004481","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic> is a common food\u2010borne pathogen with occasional multidrug resistance (MDR). <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> genomic island (SGI1) is a horizontally transmissible genomic island, containing an MDR gene cluster. All <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> serotypes are public health concern, although there is an additional concern associated with those that harbour SGI1. In Iran, there are no data on the presence of SGI1 variants in <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> isolates. The present study was conducted to identify MDR\u2010 and SGI1\u2010carrying <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> strains isolated from various sources and to compare their genetic relatedness between human and animal sources. In total, 242 <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> isolates collected from chicken, cattle, and humans from 2008 through 2014 were studied. The isolates were tested for resistance to 14 antimicrobials via the disc diffusion method. They were also tested for the presence of SGI1 variants via PCR, and genetic relatedness was evaluated based on pulsed\u2010field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent was observed in 132 (54%) <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> isolates (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0242), while more than 40% of the isolates showed MDR. Based on PCR analysis, eight variants of SGI1, including SGI1, SGI1\u2010B, SGI1\u2010C, SGI1\u2010D, SGI1\u2010F, SGI1\u2010I, SGI1\u2010J and SGI1\u2010O, were found in both human and animal isolates. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in the prevalence of SGI1 variants between human and animal isolates (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05). Macrorestriction PFGE analysis of the isolates with the same SGI1 variant and resistance patterns revealed genetic relatedness ranging from 70% to 100% among human and animal isolates. According to our review, this is the first documentation of SGI1 in <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> isolates in Iran. The presence of similar SGI1 variants in both humans and animals, along with their related PFGE patterns, suggests that food\u2010producing animals may be a source of MDR <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> isolates in Iran.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]],"date-time":"2019-07-16T10:58:57Z","timestamp":1563274737000},"page":"587-596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prevalence and characterization of multidrug resistance and variant <i>Salmonella<\/i> genomic island 1 in <i>Salmonella<\/i> isolates from cattle, poultry and humans in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4068-0915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arefeh","family":"Ghoddusi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bahar","family":"Nayeri Fasaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taghi","family":"Zahraei Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hesameddin","family":"Akbarein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.0910.10028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00425-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.6.1714-1722.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00902-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-11-151"},{"volume-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; twenty first informational supplement. 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