{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:23:32Z","timestamp":1787016212423,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cache Valley virus (CVV) is a mosquito\u2010borne RNA virus detected throughout North America, Central America and parts of South America. A limited number of human case reports have described severe illness. CVV infection has been associated with outbreaks of congenital defects in small ruminants in Canada and the United States. A scoping review was conducted to identify, characterize and summarize research on CVV, and to identify research gaps. A structured search was conducted in eight electronic databases, with additional search verification and grey literature investigation. All captured studies were independently appraised by two reviewers for relevance and data characterization. The review captured 143 relevant studies investigating CVV epidemiology (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0104), pathogenesis (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a037), viral characteristics (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a024), transmission (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a014), diagnostic test performance (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a08) and mitigation strategies (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a02). Evidence of CVV infection was found in mosquito studies (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a047), and serological evidence of exposure was demonstrated in animals (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a041), as well as human (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a020) studies. In sheep, five outbreaks of birth defects following asymptomatic dam CVV infection during the first 50\u00a0days of pregnancy were reported. Only six human cases of CVV\u2010associated illness were captured, with case symptoms described as initially non\u2010specific, progressing to more severe clinical signs (e.g., meningitis). No research was identified investigating treatment, societal knowledge and risk perception, economic burden or predictive models related to the impact of climate change on CVV. CVV circulates in mosquito and animal species across a large area of the Americas. Small ruminants are the only animals in which CVV\u2010associated clinical disease has been extensively studied. It is likely that human cases are under\u2010reported or misdiagnosed. Future research should focus on the impact of CVV infection in human and animal populations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,29]],"date-time":"2019-06-29T00:29:12Z","timestamp":1561768152000},"page":"739-758","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Cache Valley virus: A scoping review of the global evidence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4887-5124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Waddell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Pachal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariola","family":"Mascarenhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judy","family":"Greig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Harding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5575-5174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Occupational and Public Health Ryerson University Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4289-1353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Big Sky Health Analytics Vermilion Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-28.3.435"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"128","article-title":"Virus transmission studies with Trinidadian mosquitoes. 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