{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T23:40:13Z","timestamp":1787787613129,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,24]],"date-time":"2019-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), encoded by plasmid\u2010mediated AMR genes (ARGs), is an increasing global public health threat. Wildlife play a fundamental role as sentinels, reservoirs and potential vectors of ARGs. For the first time in Galapagos, we have identified and quantified the presence of ARGs in free\u2010living giant tortoises (<jats:italic>Chelonoidis porteri<\/jats:italic>). We performed ARG analyses by quantitative PCR of faeces collected from the cloaca of 30 tortoises widely distributed across Santa Cruz Island. Validated samples (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a028) were analysed by a panel of up to 21 different ARGs and all 28 tortoise samples were positive to one or more genes encoding resistance. Thirteen of 21 tested ARGs were present in at least one sample, and 10 tortoises (35.7%) had a multi\u2010resistant pattern. We recommend additional research so we may more fully understand resistance patterns across taxa and geographical locations throughout the Galapagos archipelago, and the implications of ARGs for the health of wildlife, domestic animals, and humans. In this study, we found 100% of sampled giant tortoises had ARGs present in their faeces, suggesting a large\u2010scale distribution of these genes within the archipelago.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,24]],"date-time":"2019-08-24T08:08:33Z","timestamp":1566634113000},"page":"900-908","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Antimicrobial resistance genes present in the faecal microbiota of free\u2010living Galapagos tortoises (<i>Chelonoidis porteri<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5856-3779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ainoa","family":"Nieto\u2010Claudin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Charles Darwin Research Station Charles Darwin Foundation Santa Cruz Ecuador"},{"name":"Saint Louis Zoo Institute for Conservation Medicine St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Esper\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain"},{"name":"INIA\u2010CISA Valdeolmos Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Blake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charles Darwin Research Station Charles Darwin Foundation Santa Cruz Ecuador"},{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Animal Behavior Radolfzell Germany"},{"name":"University of Saint Louis St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon L.","family":"Deem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charles Darwin Research Station Charles Darwin Foundation Santa Cruz Ecuador"},{"name":"Saint Louis Zoo Institute for Conservation Medicine St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"85","article-title":"Unexpected distribution of the fluoroquinolone\u2010resistance gene qnrB in Escherichia coli isolates from different human and poultry origins in Ecuador","volume":"18","author":"Armas\u2010Freire P. 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