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One hypothesis was that raw meat diets containing reservoir species may provide a source of <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic> transmission. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic> DNA was present in raw meat sold exclusively for companion animal consumption. The sample population consisted of raw meat packages (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a058) of primarily kangaroo origin, with three to four aliquots (50\u2013120\u00a0mg) randomly selected from each package. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole tissue in each of these aliquots using a modified protocol. Three quantitative PCR assays were used for the detection of <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic> targeting the IS<jats:italic>1111<\/jats:italic> gene, the heat shock operon <jats:italic>htpAB<\/jats:italic> and the <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic> outer membrane protein\u2010coding gene, <jats:italic>com1<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic> DNA was detected in 25\/58 samples (43%) using the IS<jats:italic>1111<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>htpAB<\/jats:italic> and\/or <jats:italic>com1<\/jats:italic> PCR assays and confirmed by DNA sequencing. All samples amplifying a product in the <jats:italic>com1<\/jats:italic> assay also amplified a product in the <jats:italic>htpAB<\/jats:italic> and IS<jats:italic>1111<\/jats:italic> assays. A total of 17\/58 (29%) packets were positive with all three genes, 4\/58 (7%) were positive with two genes (IS<jats:italic>1111<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>htpAB<\/jats:italic>) and 4\/58 (7%) were positive with the IS<jats:italic>1111<\/jats:italic> gene only. <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic> DNA was five times more likely to be found in offal than skeletal muscle meat samples. All meat samples in which <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic> DNA was found were from kangaroo tissues, while samples labelled as non\u2010kangaroo meat (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a04) were negative. Multi\u2010locus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) identified three different genotypes of <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic> that have all been identified previously from Australian human clinical Q fever cases. Further investigations are required to determine the potential role of certain raw meats in the transmission of <jats:italic>C.\u00a0burnetii<\/jats:italic> to cats and humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T11:20:42Z","timestamp":1588159242000},"page":"443-452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Molecular detection of <i>Coxiella burnetii<\/i> in raw meat intended for pet consumption"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6857-150X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Shapiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7561-2162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrina","family":"Bosward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Mathews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gemma","family":"Vincent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Rickettsial Reference Laboratory Geelong Vic. 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