{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T12:20:59Z","timestamp":1781871659971,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]],"date-time":"2020-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CZBZX\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZBZX\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Commensal rats (<jats:italic>Rattus<\/jats:italic> spp.), which are globally distributed, harbour many pathogens responsible for significant human diseases. Despite this, we have a poor understanding of the epidemiology and genetic diversity of some recently neglected zoonotic pathogens, such as <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> spp. and hepatitis E virus (HEV), which constitute a major public health threat. Thus, we surveyed the occurrences, co\u2010infection and genetic diversity of these pathogens in 129 urban rats from China. For <jats:italic>Rattus tanezumi<\/jats:italic>, the prevalences of <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> spp. and HEV infection were 6.67%, 0% and 46.67%, respectively. The prevalences of <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> spp. and HEV infection were 57.89%, 9.65% and 57.89% for <jats:italic>Rattus norvegicus<\/jats:italic> respectively. <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp. and HEV infections were more likely to occur in mature <jats:italic>R.\u00a0norvegicus<\/jats:italic>. Phylogenetic analyses showed that pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira interrogans<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Leptospira borgpetersenii<\/jats:italic> might exist. We also found that <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> spp. showed high similarity to <jats:italic>Bartonella elizabethae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bartonella rochalimae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bartonella tribocorum<\/jats:italic>, which are implicated in human disease. Dual and triple infections were both detected. Moreover, dual infections with <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp. and HEV represented the most frequent co\u2010infection, and there was a significantly positive association between them. High genetic diversity was observed in genes segments from <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> and HEV. Our results first discover the occurrence of multiple co\u2010infections and genetic diversity of <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> and HEV in commensal rats from China. Altogether, the present study provides an insight into evaluating the risk of rat\u2010borne zoonoses in urban China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]],"date-time":"2020-05-26T06:20:16Z","timestamp":1590474016000},"page":"534-545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Epidemiology and genetic diversity of zoonotic pathogens in urban rats (<i>Rattus<\/i> spp.) from a subtropical city, Guangzhou, southern China"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1272-6680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qianqian","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center for Wildlife\u2010Borne Diseases Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center for Wildlife\u2010Borne Diseases Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengmei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center for Wildlife\u2010Borne Diseases Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyi","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center for Wildlife\u2010Borne Diseases Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guohui","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center for Wildlife\u2010Borne Diseases Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingxun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center for Wildlife\u2010Borne Diseases Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongxuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center for Wildlife\u2010Borne Diseases Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70223-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"487","article-title":"Evolutionary biology of the genus Rattus: Profile of an archetypal rodent pest","volume":"96","author":"Aplin K. P.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aciar Monograph Series"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2007.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139604"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"The age estimation and age structure in the population of Rattus flavipectus","volume":"12","author":"Bao Y. X.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Zoological Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1400-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0662"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007141"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1004.030455"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2004.70.429"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/82.3.256"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1088665"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003898"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2013.1378"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003819"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/399860"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2008.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-012-1462-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v8100270"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139095112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806007746"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314824"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/432488"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01933-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02447-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1804.110816"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12983-017-0202-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12617"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1746-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2014.1657"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002270"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0091654"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2012.1195"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(99)01669-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2009.01234.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/17.8.754"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.4103\/1995-7645.269906","article-title":"Prevalence and genetic divergence of Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira borgpetersenii in house rats (Rattus rattus) from Peninsular Malaysia","volume":"12","author":"Ikbal N. H. M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1609.100444"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2012.1115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2019.00088"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2014.1629"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268809002647"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45860-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02041-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2013.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp187"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-46.1.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408410902989837"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2019.00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-0998.2011.03078.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.27.5.609"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.5323"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001361"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msn083"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","volume-title":"FigTree: Tree figure drawing tool, v1.4.2","author":"Rambaut A.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1059410"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.2.430-437.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12615"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2013.1504"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.068429-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2412.180937"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11121137"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0517"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2011.0632"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1603.090443"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1712767115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2013.215"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12250-017-3973-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006604"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-11-90"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.622"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph10104507"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Leptospirosis trends in China, 2007\u20132018: A retrospective observational study","author":"Zhang H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"}],"container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fzph.12717","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/zph.12717","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/zph.12717","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/zph.12717","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T12:24:59Z","timestamp":1693916699000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/zph.12717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/zph.12717"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/zph.12717","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-1959","1863-2378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-1959","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-2378","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-01-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}