{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:51:20Z","timestamp":1789519880615,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,8]],"date-time":"2020-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SANCO\/2006\/FOOD SAFETY\/032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SANCO\/2006\/FOOD SAFETY\/032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Trichinellosis is a zoonotic disease due to the ingestion of raw or undercooked meat from animals infected with the larvae of nematodes belonging to the genus <jats:italic>Trichinella<\/jats:italic>. In January\u2013February 2015, an outbreak of trichinellosis occurred in Genoa, Northern Italy. The epidemiological link was traced back to a dinner served at an agritourism farm on 31 December 2014, where a majority of the 52 guests had consumed the \u2018beef\u2019 steak tartare. The source of infection was not traced; however, it was noted that the amount of beef purchased officially for providing at the dinner did not correspond with that served, suggesting that meat of a different origin had been added to the beef to prepare the steak tartare. Clinical and laboratory data of 30 individuals out of the 52 (57.7%), of which four were hospitalized, were consistent with that of the case definition of trichinellosis. Western blot patterns of the sera from patients with confirmed trichinellosis were similar to the diagnostic pattern identified for the reference sera of <jats:italic>Trichinella pseudospiralis<\/jats:italic> but different from those of the control sera tested for patients infected with <jats:italic>Trichinella spiralis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Trichinella britovi<\/jats:italic>. Identification of <jats:italic>T.\u00a0pseudospiralis<\/jats:italic> as the aetiological agent responsible for the outbreak of trichinellosis using an indirect tool represents an advancement in the epidemiological investigation of this zoonotic disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]],"date-time":"2020-11-09T06:53:47Z","timestamp":1604904827000},"page":"29-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Second outbreak of <i>Trichinella pseudospiralis<\/i> in Europe: clinical patterns, epidemiological investigation and identification of the etiological agent based on the western blot patterns of the patients' serum"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9116-4948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Angeles","family":"G\u00f3mez\u2010Morales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Mazzarello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Malattie Infettive University of Genoa (DISSAL) Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Bondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Division IRCCS Gaslini Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Arenare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Service Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3 Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Bisso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Service Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3 Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Ludovisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Amati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Viscoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Malattie Infettive University of Genoa (DISSAL) Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elio","family":"Castagnola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Division IRCCS Gaslini Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Orefice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Service Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3 Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Magn\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Malattie Infettive University of Genoa (DISSAL) Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Maternal and Childhood Department San Giacomo Hospital Novi Ligure Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0805-2927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrizio","family":"Pezzotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Pozio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"287","article-title":"Trichinellosis in Kamchatka","volume":"43","author":"Britov V. 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