{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T03:46:29Z","timestamp":1791603989737,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]],"date-time":"2020-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000038","name":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01FD005878"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01FD005878"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006033","name":"U.S. Poultry and Egg Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>With increasing concern about the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria, there is an increasing motivation to optimize antimicrobial use administrations in animal agriculture. A key component of antimicrobial stewardship is the ability to collect antimicrobial use data and ultimately use this information to assess that administrations are necessary and effective. The objective of this study was to develop a system for collecting on\u2010farm antimicrobial use data from the US turkey industry and to have it be representative of the largest commercial turkey producers in the United States that comprise the vast majority of national turkey production. Participation was voluntary. Data were collected for the period 2013 through 2017 and are reported on a calendar year basis. Using statistics from USDA:NASS as a denominator, the data supplied by participating companies represented approximately 67.3% of turkey production in the United States in 2013 and increased to approximately 69.8% in 2017. The data that were submitted for 2017 are based on approximately 187,016,604 poults placed, 164,081,335 turkeys slaughtered, and 5,178,431,422 pounds liveweight produced. The estimated percentage of turkey poults placed that received hatchery antimicrobials decreased from 96% in 2013 to 41% in 2017. Medically important in\u2010feed antimicrobial use decreased substantially. For example, in\u2010feed tetracycline use decreased approximately 67% between 2013 and 2017. Medically important water\u2010soluble antimicrobial use decreased substantially for most antimicrobials. Between 2013 and 2017, water\u2010soluble penicillin use decreased approximately 42%, water\u2010soluble tetracycline use decreased approximately 28%, and water\u2010soluble lincomycin use decreased approximately 46%. Reducing the total amounts of antimicrobials used might be a crude indicator for mitigating the selection of antimicrobial resistance. Reducing the need for such use and verifying that treatment regimens deliver beneficial outcomes to animal health are more meaningful objectives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]],"date-time":"2020-11-17T14:24:44Z","timestamp":1605623084000},"page":"36-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Estimates of on\u2010farm antimicrobial usage in turkey production in the United States, 2013\u20132017"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5461-9330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Randall S.","family":"Singer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences University of Minnesota  St. Paul MN USA"},{"name":"Mindwalk Consulting Group, LLC  Falcon Heights MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9100-9171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leah J.","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mindwalk Consulting Group, LLC  Falcon Heights MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4678-8692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora F. D.","family":"Schrag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Kansas State University  Manhattan KS USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0397-7293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter R.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Population Medicine University of Minnesota  St. Paul MN USA"},{"name":"Epitome Consulting  Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1108-1953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael D.","family":"Apley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Kansas State University  Manhattan KS USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0630-7989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathe","family":"Bjork","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health Veterinary Services USDA:APHIS Fort Collins CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2019.00131","article-title":"Antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance indicators \u2010 integration of farm\u2010level surveillance data from broiler chickens and turkeys in British Columbia, Canada","volume":"6","author":"Agunos A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179384"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"Antimicrobial stewardship definition and core principles","author":"American Veterinary Medical Association","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"394","volume-title":"Current Health and Industry Issues Facing the US Turkey Industry","author":"Clark S. 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