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Associations between the incidence of cryptosporidiosis and climatic variables have been reported in several countries. Given that the identified relationships were not consistently reported across studies, it is not known whether these were country\u2010specific observations or can be considered more globally. Variation in the disease risk in both low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries and high\u2010income countries presents new challenges and opportunities to enact responsive changes in research and public health policies. Available epidemiological evidence of the influence of weather and climate on cryptosporidiosis is reviewed. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria, and most studies showed that the incidence of cryptosporidiosis is highly sensitive to climatic conditions, especially temperature, rainfall and relative humidity. The identified associations varied across studies, with different conditions of importance and lag times across different locations. Therefore, there is a need for countries at risk to assess <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> transmission routes based on the spatiotemporal patterns of the disease and what role climate and other socio\u2010ecological changes play in the transmission. Information gathering will then allow us to provide information for evidence\u2010based control strategies and mitigation of transmission. This review offers new perspectives on the role of climate variability on <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> transmission. It highlights different epidemiological approaches adopted and provides the potential for future research and surveillance to reduce the disease burden. By evaluating the epidemiological transmission of this organism in high\u2010income countries, all mitigation strategies, for example filtration and water catchment management, can be used as exemplars of preventing infection in low\u2010 to middle\u2010income countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T21:35:50Z","timestamp":1606167350000},"page":"285-298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Influence of weather and climate on cryptosporidiosis\u2014A review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7878-1586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isotein Adalia","family":"Ikiroma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Life Sciences University of the West of Scotland Paisley UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin George","family":"Pollock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inverness College University of the Highlands and Islands Inverness UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2007.02873.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Cryptosporidium infection in Gambian children less than five years of age","volume":"97","author":"Adegbola R. 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