{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T18:09:09Z","timestamp":1784570949290,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide public health threat; hence, current trends tend to reduce antimicrobial use in food\u2010producing animals and to monitor resistance in primary production. This study aimed at evaluating the impact of antimicrobial use and production system on swine farms in the antimicrobial resistance of <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>, the main zoonotic pathogens in pig herds, in order to assess their potential value as sentinel microorganisms in antimicrobial resistance surveillance schemes. A total of 37 Spanish swine farms, 18 intensive and 19 organic\/extensive farms, were included in the study. The antimicrobial resistance of 104 <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>, 84 <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> and 17 <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> isolates was evaluated using Sensititre plates following the EUCAST guidelines. Mixed\u2010effects logistic regression was used to evaluate the influence of production system and antimicrobial use in resistant and multidrug\u2010resistant (MDR) phenotypes to the antimicrobials tested. The results showed that antimicrobial use was higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001) on intensive farms than on organic\/extensive farms. MDR in <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> was lower on organic\/extensive farms (OR\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). Antimicrobial resistance in <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> isolates was, also for most of the antimicrobials studied, significantly higher in intensive than organic\/extensive pig herds. Tetracycline resistance was associated with total antimicrobial consumption in both microbial species (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05), and some cross\u2010associations between distinct antimicrobial substances were established, for instance resistance to erythromycin was associated with macrolide and phenicol consumption. No significant associations could be established for <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> isolates. The results demonstrate the link between antimicrobial consumption and resistance in zoonotic bacteria and evidence the potential value of using <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> species in monitoring activities aimed at determining the impact of antimicrobials use\/reduction on the occurrence and spread of antimicrobial resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T17:32:17Z","timestamp":1607016737000},"page":"54-66","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effect of antimicrobial use and production system on <i>Campylobacter<\/i> spp., <i>Staphylococcus<\/i> spp. and <i>Salmonella<\/i> spp. resistance in Spanish swine: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9923-2623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Menc\u00eda\u2010Ares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Department of Animal Health Universidad de Le\u00f3n Le\u00f3n Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Arg\u00fcello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Department of Animal Health Universidad de Le\u00f3n Le\u00f3n Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Puente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Department of Animal Health Universidad de Le\u00f3n Le\u00f3n Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"G\u00f3mez\u2010Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Department of Animal Health Universidad de Le\u00f3n Le\u00f3n Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avelino","family":"\u00c1lvarez\u2010Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Department of Food Hygiene and Technology Universidad de Le\u00f3n Le\u00f3n Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Food Science and Technology Universidad de Le\u00f3n Le\u00f3n Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edgar G.","family":"Manzanilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy Ireland"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine University College Dublin Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Carvajal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Department of Animal Health Universidad de Le\u00f3n Le\u00f3n Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Department of Animal Health Universidad de Le\u00f3n Le\u00f3n Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555817534.ch12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12223-013-0275-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2019.104853"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2015.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2013.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2013.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03214.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","volume-title":"MuMIn: Multi\u2010Model Inference. 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