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The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of Shiga toxin\u2010producing <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (STEC), <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>, extended\u2010spectrum \u03b2\u2010lactamase (ESBL)\u2010producing <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic> and methicillin\u2010resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (MRSA) in animal faeces from six animal petting zoos and one farm fair in Switzerland. Furthermore, hygiene facilities on the venues were evaluated. Of 163 faecal samples, 75 contained <jats:italic>stx1, stx2 or stx1<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>stx2<\/jats:italic> genes, indicating the presence of STEC. Samples included faeces from sika deer (100%), sheep (92%), goats (88%), mouflons (80%), camels (62%), llamas (50%), yaks (50%), pigs (29%) and donkeys (6%), whereas no <jats:italic>stx<\/jats:italic> genes were isolated from faeces of calves, guinea pigs, hens, ostriches, ponies, zebras or zebus. <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>enterica<\/jats:italic> serovar Stourbridge (<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Stourbridge) was detected in faecal samples from camels. A total of four ESBL\u2010producing <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> strains were isolated from faeces of goats, camels and pigs. PCR and sequencing identified the presence of <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CTX\u2010M\u201015<\/jats:sub> in three and <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CTX\u2010M\u201065<\/jats:sub> in one <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>.\u00a0<jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic>. Antimicrobial resistance profiling using the disk diffusion method revealed two multidrug\u2010resistant (MDR) <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> with resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and azithromycin, all of which are critically important drugs for human medicine. Multilocus sequence typing identified <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> ST162, <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> ST2179, extraintestinal high\u2010risk <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> ST410 and <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> ST4553, which belongs to the emerging extraintestinal clonal complex (CC) 648. No MRSA was detected. On all animal petting venues, there were inadequacies with regard to access to hygiene information and handwashing hygiene facilities. This study provides data that underscore the importance of hygiene measures to minimize the risk of transmission of zoonotic pathogens and MDR, ESBL\u2010producing <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> to visitors of animal petting venues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T11:35:18Z","timestamp":1609414518000},"page":"79-87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Animal petting zoos as sources of Shiga toxin\u2010producing <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>, <i>Salmonella<\/i> and extended\u2010spectrum \u03b2\u2010lactamase (ESBL)\u2010producing <i>Enterobacteriaceae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Meret","family":"Isler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramona","family":"Wissmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Morach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Zurfluh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Stephan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3242-9739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"N\u00fcesch\u2010Inderbinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0085"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.124610"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx146"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.3.497-503.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00110"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1758-2229.12019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","volume-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards (CLSI)","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2016.2185"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms6030070"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143326"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268811002172"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.100570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). 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