{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T18:30:40Z","timestamp":1784831440932,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]],"date-time":"2021-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In January 2019, four cheetahs (<jats:italic>Acinonyx jubatus<\/jats:italic>) kept at a Japanese zoo intermittently showed respiratory signs following the incidence of seasonal influenza in animal caregivers. Respiratory materials (saliva, sputum and food tray swabs) were non\u2010invasively collected from the four cheetahs. Although we were unable to isolate the virus, the NP gene of influenza A virus was detected in three of the cheetahs but not in the fourth cheetah that had nearly recovered. From a food tray swab which tested weakly positive by a commercial influenza detection kit, we were able to obtain the whole\u2010genome sequence of the influenza A virus. Analysis of the genome, A\/cheetah\/Kanagawa\/2\/2019(H1N1), revealed that the virus was closely related to influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses isolated from humans in Japan in the 2018\u20132019 winter. Production of haemagglutinin inhibition (HI) antibodies (64\u2013128 HI) against an A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in plasma samples confirmed infection of all four cheetahs. The animals continued to produce antibodies for at least 314\u00a0days after disease onset. These findings strongly suggest that reverse zoonotic transmission of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus occurred from human to cheetah and subsequently from cheetah to cheetah in the zoo. We also show that specimens can be safely and non\u2010invasively collected from non\u2010domesticated animals and used to investigate respiratory infectious diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,14]],"date-time":"2021-02-14T04:30:50Z","timestamp":1613277050000},"page":"239-246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A cluster epidemic of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection in four captive cheetahs (<i>Acinonyx jubatus<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1726-1293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatsufumi","family":"Usui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Avian Zoonosis Research Center Tottori University Tottori Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miya","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yokohama Zoological Gardens Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akinori","family":"Azumano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yokohama Zoological Gardens Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Nomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yokohama Zoological Gardens Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Arima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yokohama Zoological Gardens Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Murata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yokohama Zoological Gardens Yokohama Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Wildlife Science College of Bioresource Sciences Nihon University Fujisawa\u2010shi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiro","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avian Zoonosis Research Center Tottori University Tottori Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0795-0143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avian Zoonosis Research Center Tottori University Tottori Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.05415-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12370"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2011.01390.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2601.191165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1802.111245"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0903810"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1612.100514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062259"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.64.4.1487-1497.1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"497","article-title":"Pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infection in a Canadian cat","volume":"57","author":"Knight C. 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