{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:54:41Z","timestamp":1791982481871,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004919","name":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2\u20100004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2\u20100004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004919","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dromedary camels are playing essential roles in the evolution and transmission of MERS\u2010CoV. MERS\u2010CoV shedding in some dromedary camel secretions, particularly nasal swabs, were studied in more detail. However, the roles of viral shedding in saliva and ocular secretions are still required further detailed studies. We performed a longitudinal study on a farm of dromedary camel herd from 10th March until 7th April, 2019, in eastern Saudi Arabia. This is a closed management herd including a large number of colour\u2010based breed animals and include animals of both sexes. We collected saliva and ocular swabs from 18% of the target animal population. Detection of the MERS\u2010CoV\u2010RNAs in these samples was conducted by the real\u2010time PCR technique. We detected the viral RNAs in the saliva of and conjunctival swabs of some of the tested animals at 33%, 77% and 88% during the three\u2010time points, respectively. Moreover, we also detected the viral RNAs in the conjunctival swabs at 11%, 22% and 33% at similar time intervals. Our results are suggesting the possibility of MERS\u2010CoV shedding in the saliva and the ocular discharges of the infected dromedary camels. This explains, at least in part, the mechanism of transmission of MERS\u2010CoV from animals to humans. More studies are needed for a better understanding of the transmission of MERS\u2010CoV from animals to humans; thus, the risk of virus spread can be mitigated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T19:37:35Z","timestamp":1612985855000},"page":"353-357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS\u2010CoV) nucleic acids detected in the saliva and conjunctiva of some naturally infected dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia \u20102019"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5986-7237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maged Gomaa","family":"Hemida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology College of Veterinary Medicine King Faisal University Al\u2010Hasa Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Virology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Mohamed","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences College of Science King Faisal University Al Hofuf Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of Science Minia University El\u2010Minia Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelmohsen","family":"Alnaeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine King Faisal University Al\u2010Hasa Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2012.141280"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211743"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2020.1781350"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.22865"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30211-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12583"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118785706"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/30142367"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2019.100102"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"e56","article-title":"Longitudinal study of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus infection in dromedary camel herds in Saudi Arabia, 2014\u20132015","volume":"6","author":"Hemida M. 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