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A nationwide large\u2010scale cross\u2010sectional study was conducted to assess exposure to <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> in seven wild ruminant species in Spain. A total of 2,040 serum samples from 77 sampling sites randomly distributed in the five bioregions (BRs) covering mainland Spain were tested for antibodies against <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> using the modified agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 22.0% (449\/2,040). Seroprevalence by species in decreasing order was as follows: 39.6% (141\/356) in roe deer (<jats:italic>Capreolus capreolus)<\/jats:italic>, 37.1% (138\/372) in fallow deer (<jats:italic>Dama dama)<\/jats:italic>, 16.6% (92\/553) in red deer (<jats:italic>Cervus elaphus<\/jats:italic>), 14.0% (26\/186) in Southern chamois (<jats:italic>Rupicapra pyrenaica)<\/jats:italic>, 11.5% (24\/209) in mouflon (<jats:italic>Ovis aries musimon)<\/jats:italic>, 7.8% (27\/346) in Iberian wild goat (<jats:italic>Capra pyrenaica)<\/jats:italic> and 5.6% (1\/18) in Barbary sheep (<jats:italic>Ammotragus lervia)<\/jats:italic>. Seropositivity was detected in 74.0% (57\/77) of the sampling sites. Results indicate widespread but not homogeneous exposure to <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> in wild ruminant populations in Spain during the last two decades and highlight differences related to animal species and spatial distribution of these species in this country; this implies potential consequences of <jats:italic>T.\u00a0gondii<\/jats:italic> for animal health, conservation and public health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T05:20:36Z","timestamp":1625548836000},"page":"884-895","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Seroepidemiology of <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i> in wild ruminants in 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