{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T19:41:55Z","timestamp":1793475715864,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Leptospirosis is a water borne zoonotic disease of global significance that is caused by pathogenic species of the genus <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>. Pathogenic leptospires live in the kidneys of reservoir or infected animals and are shed in their urine contaminating water, soil, etc. Rodents are considered the primary reservoir of leptospirosis, but little is known about the role of herpetofauna (non\u2010avian reptiles and amphibians) in the epidemiology of the disease. To address this, various species of amphibians and reptiles in the Cumberland Gap Region of the Central Appalachia were screened for the presence of <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp. Kidneys harvested from of a total of 116 amphibians and reptiles belonging to seven species of snakes, seven species of salamanders, seven species of frogs\/toads, seven species of turtles and one species of lizards were tested using a highly specific TaqMan based qPCR that targets <jats:italic>lipl32<\/jats:italic> gene of pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp. Overall, 15 of the tested 116 amphibians and reptiles were positive (12.9%; 95% CI: 7.4%\u201320.4%). Of the 101 amphibians, 11 were positive (10.9%; 95% CI: 5.6%\u201318.7%), and 4 of the 15 reptiles tested positive (26.7%; 95% CI: 7.8%\u201355.1%). The amplified gene fragments of <jats:italic>lipl32<\/jats:italic> from qPCR positive kidneys were sequenced and found to be identical with known pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp. These results suggest that although the proportion of reptiles and amphibians transmitting pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp. within the environment may be low as compared to rodents, they pose a risk to other susceptible hosts that share their habitats and may have role in maintaining a baseline infection in the environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T16:17:57Z","timestamp":1644164277000},"page":"325-332","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Detection of pathogenic <i>Leptospira<\/i> spp. in herpetofauna in Central Appalachia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5506-5763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashutosh","family":"Verma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"},{"name":"Center for Infectious Zoonotic and Vector\u2010borne diseases Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LaRoy","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Science Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"},{"name":"Cumberland Mountain Research Center Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Runser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Gruszynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"},{"name":"Center for Animal and Human Health in Appalachia Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Gallatin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joey","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Barnhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate 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USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raeshelle","family":"Strobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3379-5837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Science Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Pawlowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashana","family":"Thaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Lincoln Memorial University  Harrogate Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to Categorical Data Analysis","author":"Agresti A.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Beaupre S. 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