{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T11:42:21Z","timestamp":1780486941583,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>, a major cause of food\u2010borne gastroenteritis worldwide, colonize the gastrointestinal tract of a wide range of animals, being birds the main reservoir. The mechanisms involved in the interaction of <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> with the different hosts are poorly understood. The cytolethal distending toxin, encoded in the <jats:italic>cdtABC<\/jats:italic> operon, is considered a pivotal virulence factor during human infection. Differences in the prevalence of <jats:italic>cdtABC<\/jats:italic> genes in <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> isolates from three distinct origins (wild birds, broiler chickens and humans) prompted us to further characterize their allelic variability. The sequence of <jats:italic>cdtABC<\/jats:italic> is highly conserved among broiler and human isolates. A high diversity of <jats:italic>cdtABC<\/jats:italic> alleles was found among wild bird isolates, including several alleles that do not produce any functional CDT. These results suggest that specific variants of the <jats:italic>cdtABC<\/jats:italic> operon might define the host range of specific <jats:italic>Campylobacter jejuni<\/jats:italic> isolates. Moreover, our data indicate that PCR methodology is inaccurate to characterize the prevalence of the <jats:italic>cdt<\/jats:italic> genes, since negative PCR detection can be the result of divergences in the sequence used for primer design rather than indicating the absence of a specific gene.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T12:01:54Z","timestamp":1662120114000},"page":"966-977","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Host\u2010associated variability of the <i>cdtABC<\/i> operon, coding for the cytolethal distending toxin, in <i>Campylobacter jejuni<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Guirado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Gen\u00e8tica, Microbiologia i Estad\u00edstica, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaidelis","family":"Iglesias\u2010Torrens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Institut d'Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Departament de Gen\u00e8tica i Microbiologia Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisenda","family":"Mir\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Institut d'Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4302-2838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferran","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Institut d'Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Departament de Gen\u00e8tica i Microbiologia Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camile Stephan\u2010Otto","family":"Attolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4147-219X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Balsalobre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Gen\u00e8tica, Microbiologia i Estad\u00edstica, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5861-3980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Madrid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Gen\u00e8tica, Microbiologia i Estad\u00edstica, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.5.3053-3062.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2003.01926.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.662144"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-021-02553-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"e06406","article-title":"The European Union One Health 2019 Zoonoses Report","volume":"19","author":"European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control","year":"2021","journal-title":"EFSA Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-016-0192-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02458-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01676"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.049536-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.14826.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00006-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.64.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/499969"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2014.1883"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy096"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2016.00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.7.4358-4365.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2005.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"Pag\u00e8s H. Aboyoun P. Gentleman R. DebRoy S.(2022).Biostrings: Efficient manipulation of biological strings. R package version 2.64.0.https:\/\/bioconductor.org\/packages\/Biostrings"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.6.2070-2078.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"406","article-title":"The neighbor\u2010joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees","volume":"4","author":"Saitou N.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01893-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sheppard S. K. Dallas J. F. Macrae M. Mccarthy N. D. Gormley F. J. Strachan N. J. C. Ogden I. D. Maiden M. C. &Forbes K. J.(2009).Campylobactergenotypes from food animals environmental sources and clinical disease in Scotland 2005\/6 134 96\u2013103.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408410601023557"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404206101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03393-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.5.1934-1940.1998"}],"container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/zph.12994","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/zph.12994","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/zph.12994","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T22:40:01Z","timestamp":1692657601000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/zph.12994"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/zph.12994"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/zph.12994","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-1959","1863-2378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-1959","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-2378","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}