{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T21:00:31Z","timestamp":1778706031911,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tick\u2010borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is found in <jats:italic>Ixodes ricinus<\/jats:italic> ticks throughout the area where viable tick populations exist. In Norway, TBEV is found in <jats:italic>I. ricinus<\/jats:italic> from the south coast until Br\u00f8nn\u00f8y municipality in Nordland County and the range of the vector is expanding due to changes in climate, vegetation, host animals and environmental conditions. TBEV might thus have the potential to establish in new areas when <jats:italic>I. ricinus<\/jats:italic> expand its geographical distribution. At present, there is little knowledge on the status of the virus in high\u2010altitude areas of inland regions in Norway. It has previously been indicated that reindeer may be an important sentinel species and indicator of the spread of ticks and TBEV in high\u2010altitude regions. In this study, 408 semi\u2010domesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (<jats:italic>Rangifer tarandus tarandus<\/jats:italic>) from eight herds, from Tana in Troms and Finnmark County in northern Norway to Filefjell in Innlandet and Viken Counties in southern Norway, were screened for TBEV antibodies using a commercial enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found 16 TBEV reactive reindeer samples by ELISA; however, these results could not be confirmed by the serum neutralization test (SNT). This could indicate that a flavivirusand not necessarily TBEV, may be circulating among Norwegian semi\u2010domesticated reindeer. The results also indicate that TBEV was not enzootic in Norwegian semi\u2010domesticated reindeer in 2013\u20132015. This knowledge is important as an information base for future TBEV and flavivirus surveillance in Norway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.13060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T08:33:55Z","timestamp":1685608435000},"page":"692-698","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Serological screening for tick\u2010borne encephalitis virus in eight Norwegian herds of semi\u2010domesticated reindeer (<scp><i>Rangifer tarandus tarandus<\/i><\/scp>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7531-7489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alaka","family":"Lamsal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences University of South\u2010Eastern Norway  Campus B\u00f8 Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Tryland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arctic and Marine Biology UiT the Arctic University of Norway  Troms\u00f8 Norway"},{"name":"Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences  Evenstad Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katrine M.","family":"Paulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8305-7947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier S\u00e1nchez","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arctic and Marine Biology UiT the Arctic University of Norway  Troms\u00f8 Norway"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biology UiT the Arctic University of Norway  Troms\u00f8 Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingebj\u00f8rg H.","family":"Nymo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arctic and Marine Biology UiT the Arctic University of Norway  Troms\u00f8 Norway"},{"name":"Section for Food Safety and Animal Health The Norwegian Veterinary Institute  Troms\u00f8 Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Stiasny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnulf","family":"Soleng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pest Control Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3706-1603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rose","family":"Vikse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c5shild K.","family":"Andreassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences University of South\u2010Eastern Norway  Campus B\u00f8 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