{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T14:20:49Z","timestamp":1769350849936,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common food\u2010borne parasitic zoonosis, caused by <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite. A cross\u2010sectional study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> and associated risk factors in pigs in Haryana, India.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum samples were collected from 429 pigs from three agroclimatic zones (I\u2013III) of Haryana and analysed for the presence of antibodies against <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> using a commercial indirect enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anti\u2010<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> antibodies were detected in 106 animals (24.7%), with the highest seropositivity in zone II (31.3%) followed by zone III (24.4%) and zone I (18.3%). Risk factors associated with higher seropositivity in pigs were farm size (higher in large\u2010sized farms), age (higher in pigs &gt;1\u2009year of age), sex (higher in males), type of feeding (higher in combination of homemade and hotel waste) and housing (higher in free\u2010ranging pigs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of the study testify to the exposure of pigs (of all agro\u2010climatic zones) to <jats:italic>T. gondii.<\/jats:italic> Hence, the observations are of significant medical and veterinary importance for devising and implementing control measures to check the dissemination of toxoplasmosis to pigs and eventually to humans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.13091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]],"date-time":"2023-11-10T07:58:13Z","timestamp":1699603093000},"page":"136-143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i> in pigs in Haryana, India"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2795-4691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pallavi","family":"Moudgil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Hisar Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6767-4308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sakshi","family":"Pandita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Hisar Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0911-4517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Hisar Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1768-9230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vipin","family":"Khasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Disease Diagnostic Laboratory Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying  Sonipat Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9162-8662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Spandan Shashwat","family":"Dash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Hisar Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8861-161X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yogesh C.","family":"Bangar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Hisar Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5464-0140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naresh","family":"Jindal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Hisar Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/njpar.v37i2.14"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"148","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sheep from Libya","volume":"1","author":"Al\u2010Mabruk A. 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