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We evaluated temporal, spatial and space\u2013time clustering of laboratory\u2010confirmed cases of <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> spp. (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200928,728), non\u2010typhoidal <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> spp. (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922,640), Shiga toxin\u2010producing <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (STEC; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091340), <jats:italic>Yersinia<\/jats:italic> spp. (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091674) and <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009471) infections, reported between 2010 and 2017 inclusive in Ontario, the most populous province in Canada (population\u2009~\u200913,500,000 in 2016).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For each enteric pathogen, we calculated the mean incidence rates (IRs) for Ontario's 35 public health unit (PHU) areas and visualized them using choropleth maps. We identified temporal, spatial and space\u2013time high infection rate clusters using retrospective Poisson scan statistics. <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> infections had the highest IRs, while <jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic> infections had the lowest. <jats:italic>Campylobacter, Salmonella<\/jats:italic>, STEC and <jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic> mostly clustered temporally in the spring\/summer and sometimes extended into fall, while <jats:italic>Yersinia<\/jats:italic> showed a less clear seasonal pattern. The IR visualizations and spatial and space\u2013time scan statistics showed geographic heterogeneity of infection rates with high infection rate clusters detected mainly in PHUs across the southwestern and central\u2010western regions of Ontario for <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> and STEC infections, and mainly in PHUs located in the central\u2010eastern regions for <jats:italic>Yersinia<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>. A high proportion of cases in some of the significant <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>, STEC and <jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic> infection clusters were linked to disease outbreaks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results from this study will inform heightened public health surveillance, and prevention and control programmes, in populations and regions of high infection rates. Further research is needed to determine the pathogen\u2010specific socioeconomic, environmental and agricultural risk factors that may be related to the temporal and spatial disease patterns we observed in our study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.13096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T23:44:26Z","timestamp":1700783066000},"page":"178-190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Temporal, spatial and space\u2013time distribution of infections caused by five major enteric pathogens, Ontario, Canada, 2010\u20132017"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1883-8592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patience","family":"John","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences University of Waterloo  Waterloo Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2751-3677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Csaba","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences University of Waterloo  Waterloo Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign  Urbana Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9518-177X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences University of Waterloo  Waterloo Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Sociology and Legal Studies University of Waterloo  Waterloo Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0006-8369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shannon E.","family":"Majowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences University of Waterloo  Waterloo Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12976\u2010017\u20100069\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102334\u201012\u2010318"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02984-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14745\/ccdr.v41i11a01"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bramwell P.(2016).Foodborne disease associated with travel. 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