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This approach underscores the geographic expansion of this disease and highlights the critical role of molecular surveillance in understanding its epidemiology and guiding public health interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated three domestic cats (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Felis catus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>) with multiple skin lesions in Picos, Piau\u00ed, Brazil. The cats were examined, and samples were collected for laboratory diagnosis, including cytological evaluation, fungal culture, and molecular characterisation. The molecular analysis involved a one\u2010tube multiplex probe\u2010based qPCR assay for the diagnosis of <jats:italic>Sporothrix<\/jats:italic> species, mating\u2010type determination, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP, EcoRI\u2010GA\/MseI\u2010AG) to assess genetic similarity and potential origin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All three cats were diagnosed with sporotrichosis caused by the hypervirulent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>S.\u2009brasiliensis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>. A probable case of zoonotic transmission has been reported in a 12\u2010year\u2010old girl who developed Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome after contact with one of the cats with sporotrichosis. The molecular analysis revealed that the cat isolates were <jats:italic>MAT 1\u20102<\/jats:italic> and formed a single cluster according to the AFLP analysis, suggesting direct transmission (cat\u2010cat) and a potential founder effect. The isolates were also closely related to strains from Pernambuco and Southeast Brazil, indicating a possible introduction from these regions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Identifying <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>S.\u2009brasiliensis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> in Piau\u00ed emphasises the need for increased awareness and control measures to prevent further spread. The predominance of the <jats:italic>MAT1\u20102<\/jats:italic> idiomorphs and the genetic similarity among outbreak isolates suggest clonal expansion, which could have significant implications for public health and veterinary practices. Considering its zoonotic potential and environmental adaptability, a One Health approach is crucial for managing and controlling the spread of cat\u2010transmitted sporotrichosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.13190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T11:49:10Z","timestamp":1731671350000},"page":"127-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Emergence of Cat\u2010Transmitted Sporotrichosis Driven by <i>Sporothrix brasiliensis<\/i> in Piau\u00ed, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5001-9357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raizza Eveline Esc\u00f3rcio","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Morphophysiology, Center of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of Piau\u00ed, UFPI  Teresina Piau\u00ed 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Microbiology University Hospital of Piau\u00ed  Teresina Piau\u00ed Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8632-2230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jardenio Assis dos Santos","family":"Luz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quinta das Patinhas Pet Shop and Veterinary Clinic  Picos Piau\u00ed Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5482-6419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oriana Bezerra","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Municipal Health Foundation  Teresina Piau\u00ed Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3909-0758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Namir Clementino","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Sciences Federal University of Piau\u00ed, UFPI  Teresina Piau\u00ed 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