{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T16:45:37Z","timestamp":1788367537108,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:italic>Capnocytophaga<\/jats:italic> is a genus of bacteria that are commensal to the oral microbiome of humans and some animals. Some <jats:italic>Capnocytophaga<\/jats:italic> species are found in the human oral cavity and rarely cause disease in people; the species found in animals are zo\u00f6notic and can be transmitted to people via saliva. This study describes the clinical and epidemiologic features of patients from whom <jats:italic>Capnocytophaga<\/jats:italic> spp. were isolated from blood and other clinical specimens at the California state Microbial Diseases Laboratory.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical information was obtained from laboratory submission forms and any accompanying medical records and\/or from matching records in statewide hospital discharge and emergency department databases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the 17\u2010year study period (2005\u20132021), <jats:italic>Capnocytophaga<\/jats:italic> spp. were isolated in 48 specimens from 47 patients. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:italic>Capnocytophaga canimorsus<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:styled-content>, which is a zo\u00f6notic species, represented 85% of the <jats:italic>Capnocytophaga<\/jats:italic> spp. identified to the species level. The median age was 67\u2009years (range: 30\u201388\u2009years) for the 42 patients infected with a zo\u00f6notic species of <jats:italic>Capnocytophaga<\/jats:italic> and 36\u2009years (range: 12\u201365\u2009years) for the four patients infected with a non\u2010zo\u00f6notic species. Twenty\u2010five (60%) patients with zo\u00f6notic species infections were male, compared to two (50%) patients with non\u2010zo\u00f6notic species infections. <jats:italic>Capnocytophaga<\/jats:italic> spp. were most frequently isolated from blood (88%), and the most common case presentation was sepsis (45%). A dog or cat bite prior to diagnosis was reported for 14% of patients infected with a zo\u00f6notic species of <jats:italic>Capnocytophaga<\/jats:italic>. Records for 45% of patients indicated at least one pre\u2010existing health condition associated with depressed immune function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study documented that <jats:italic>Capnocytophaga<\/jats:italic> spp. can cause rare, severe, invasive disease in mostly older or immunocompromised persons, often without documentation of a dog or cat bite. Providers are encouraged to consider <jats:italic>Capnocytophaga<\/jats:italic> spp. infection in immunocompromised pet owners presenting with sepsis, even in the absence of a known animal bite.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.13209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T12:20:13Z","timestamp":1737462013000},"page":"330-336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Clinical and Epidemiologic Review of <i>Capnocytophaga<\/i> Spp. Infections Identified at a Public Health Reference Laboratory\u2014California, 2005\u20132021"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2959-3498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Campagna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Branch, Division of Communicable Disease Control Center for Infectious Diseases, California Department of Public Health  Sacramento California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily A.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Branch, Division of Communicable Disease Control Center for Infectious Diseases, California Department of Public Health  Sacramento California USA"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of California san Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duc J.","family":"Vugia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Branch, Division of Communicable Disease Control Center for Infectious Diseases, California Department of Public Health  Sacramento California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hillary F.","family":"Berman Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Diseases Laboratory Branch, Division of Infectious Diseases Laboratory Center for Laboratory Sciences, California Department of Public Health  Richmond California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina S.","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Diseases Laboratory Branch, Division of Infectious Diseases Laboratory Center for Laboratory Sciences, California Department of Public Health  Richmond California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph K.","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Diseases Laboratory Branch, Division of Infectious Diseases Laboratory Center for Laboratory Sciences, California Department of Public Health  Richmond California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curtis L.","family":"Fritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Branch, Division of Communicable Disease Control Center for Infectious Diseases, California Department of Public Health  Sacramento California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"American Veterinary Medical Association.2022. \u201c2022 AVMA Pet Ownership and Demographic Sourcebook.\u201dhttps:\/\/ebusiness.avma.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ta.0000000000000531"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096\u2010015\u20102360\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.22.11.0494"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2023a. \u201cData and Statistics.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/datastatistics\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2023b. \u201cHealthy Pets Healthy People.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/healthypets\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab175"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"202","volume-title":"Red Book: 2024\u20132027 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases","author":"Committee on Infectious Diseases","year":"2024"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Alcohol Consumption in Demographic Subpopulations: An Epidemiologic Overview","volume":"38","author":"Delker E.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alcohol Research: Current 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Health.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.niaaa.nih.gov\/alcohols\u2010effects\u2010health\/alcohol\u2010topics\/alcohol\u2010facts\u2010and\u2010statistics."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/375593"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41426\u2010018\u20100126\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.141020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.11.168"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20100691.2010.03195.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12248"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22919"}],"container-title":["Zoonoses and Public 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