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The lysate is preincubated with CaCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and micrococcal nuclease, and then excess ethyleneglycol\u2010bis(2\u2010aminoethylether)\u2010N,N\u2032\u2010tetraacetic acid is added to chelate the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and inactivate the nuclease. Lysates treated in this way have negligible endogenous amino acid incorporation activity, but 75% of the activity of the original lysate can be recovered by the addition of globin mRNA. The efficiency utilisation of added mRNA and the sensitivity of the system are both very high. No residual nuclease activity could be detected, and the tRNA is functionally unimpaired. Several different species of mRNA have been shown to be translated efficiently into full\u2010sized products of the expected molecular weight up to about 200 000, and there is no detectable accumulation of incomplete protein products. 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