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The outflow of [<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H]\u2010noradrenaline, separated from its metabolites by column chromatography, was determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Tetrodotoxin abolished, cocaine increased, and clonidine reduced the overflow of [<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H]\u2010noradrenaline elicited by 10 shocks at 0.2 Hz, 10 shocks at 2 Hz or 100 shocks at 2 Hz.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The effects of yohimbine (0.1 or \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>), phentolamine (1 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) and piperoxan (1 or 10 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) depended on the stimulation conditions. No antagonist increased the overflow of [<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H]\u2010noradrenaline evoked by 10 pulses at 0.2 Hz, but all markedly increased the overflow evoked by 100 pulses at 2 Hz. Only piperoxan (10 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) slightly enhanced the overflow at 10 pulses, 2 Hz. The effects of yohimbine and piperoxan were similar in arteries not exposed to cocaine and in those that were perfused\/superfused with medium containing cocaine (10 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) after preincubation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>It is concluded that yohimbine, phentolamine and piperoxan increase the release of noradrenaline only when the concentration of noradrenaline in the biophase of the ear artery is sufficiently high. The effect is, hence, an anti\u2010noradrenaline effect and due to the blockade of presynaptic \u03b1\u2010adrenoceptors. A second prerequisite for the release\u2010enhancing effect appears to be a sufficient length of the pulse train, indicating that the \u03b1\u2010adrenergic auto\u2010inhibition develops relatively slowly.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1983.tb08814.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,20]],"date-time":"2012-07-20T05:14:17Z","timestamp":1342761257000},"page":"543-551","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Experimental conditions required for the enhancement by \u03b1\u2010adrenoceptor antagonists of noradrenaline release in the rabbit ear artery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Auch\u2010Schwelk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Starke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Steppeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"286","article-title":"Metabolism of norepinephrine released by phenoxybenzamine in isolated guinea\u2010pig atria","volume":"180","author":"ADLER\u2010GRASCHINSKY E.","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. 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