{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T11:50:39Z","timestamp":1769169039570,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,15]],"date-time":"2022-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GSK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Validated combined symptom\u2010medication scores (CSMSs) are needed to investigate the effects of allergic rhinitis treatments. This study aimed to use real\u2010life data from the MASK\u2010air\u00ae<\/jats:sup> app to generate and validate hypothesis\u2010 and data\u2010driven CSMSs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We used MASK\u2010air\u00ae<\/jats:sup> data to assess the concurrent validity, test\u2010retest reliability and responsiveness of one hypothesis\u2010driven CSMS (modified CSMS: mCSMS), one mixed hypothesis\u2010 and data\u2010driven score (mixed score), and several data\u2010driven CSMSs. The latter were generated with MASK\u2010air\u00ae<\/jats:sup> data following cluster analysis and regression models or factor analysis. These CSMSs were compared with scales measuring (i) the impact of rhinitis on work productivity (visual analogue scale [VAS] of work of MASK\u2010air\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment: Allergy Specific [WPAI\u2010AS]), (ii) quality\u2010of\u2010life (EQ\u20105D VAS) and (iii) control of allergic diseases (Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test [CARAT]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>We assessed 317,176\u00a0days of MASK\u2010air\u00ae<\/jats:sup> use from 17,780 users aged 16\u201090\u00a0years, in 25 countries. The mCSMS and the factor analyses\u2010based CSMSs displayed poorer validity and responsiveness compared to the remaining CSMSs. The latter displayed moderate\u2010to\u2010strong correlations with the tested comparators, high test\u2010retest reliability and moderate\u2010to\u2010large responsiveness. Among data\u2010driven CSMSs, a better performance was observed for cluster analyses\u2010based CSMSs. High accuracy (capacity of discriminating different levels of rhinitis control) was observed for the latter (AUC\u2010ROC\u00a0=\u00a00.904) and for the mixed CSMS (AUC\u2010ROC\u00a0=\u00a00.820).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>The mixed CSMS and the cluster\u2010based CSMSs presented medium\u2010high validity, reliability and accuracy, rendering them as candidates for primary endpoints in future rhinitis trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T18:23:52Z","timestamp":1640111032000},"page":"2147-2162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Development and validation of combined symptom\u2010medication scores for allergic rhinitis*"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1277-3401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardo","family":"Sousa\u2010Pinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MEDCIDS \u2010 Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS \u2010 Center for Health Technology and Services Research University of Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8421-2937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds Filipe","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEDCIDS \u2010 Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS \u2010 Center for Health Technology and Services Research University of Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Jutel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology Wroc\u0142aw Medical University Wroclaw Poland"},{"name":"ALL\u2010MED Medical Research Institute Wroclaw Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7994-364X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana","family":"Agache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Transylvania University Brasov Romania"}]},{"given":"G. Walter","family":"Canonica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University Milan Italy"},{"name":"Personalized Medicine Asthma & Allergy \u2010Humanitas Clinical & Research Centre IRCCS Rozzano Italy"}]},{"given":"Wienczyslawa","family":"Czarlewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Consulting Czarlewski Levallois France"},{"name":"ARIA Montpellier France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4448-3468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos G.","family":"Papadopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Department 2nd Pediatric Clinic Athens General Children's Hospital \u201cP&A Kyriakou\u201d University of Athens Athens Greece"}]},{"given":"Karl\u2010Christian","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Institute for 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