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Embryo culture was divided from Day 0 to Day 4 and from Day 4 to Day 9 in three groups: 5\u201010 (5 and 10\u00a0mmol\/L glucose respectively; n\u00a0=\u00a087); 5\u201017 (5 and 17.5\u00a0mmol\/L; n\u00a0=\u00a066); and 10\u201017 (10 and 17.5\u00a0mmol\/L; n\u00a0=\u00a0117). A control group of 20 in vivo produced blastocysts was included. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were evaluated and embryos were snap\u2010frozen for analysis of the relative mRNA expression of genes related to mitochondrial function, DNA methylation, apoptosis, glucose transport and metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No differences were observed in the cleavage or blastocyst rates among in vitro groups. Under high glucose conditions in vitro (10\u201017 group),\n                      <jats:italic>BAX<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic>BCL2<\/jats:italic>\n                      was higher, and\n                      <jats:italic>PFKP<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>LDHA<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>COX2<\/jats:italic>\n                      were overexpressed compared to all other groups. The two groups with 5\u00a0mmol\/L glucose concentration during the first culture stage (5\u201010 and 5\u201017) displayed similar patterns which differed to the 10\u201017 group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conclusions related to embryo quality are based on gene expression patterns. Transfer of in vitro\u2010produced embryos would reveal whether the observed differences improve embryo developmental competence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five mM glucose during the first days of culture seems to be preferable to avoid over\u2010activation of embryonic glycolytic pathways. Further studies are necessary to determine whether this improves embryo developmental competence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,3]],"date-time":"2020-09-03T09:23:40Z","timestamp":1599125020000},"page":"787-795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A high glucose concentration during early stages of in vitro equine embryo development alters expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4280-992X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda J.","family":"S\u00e1nchez\u2010Calabuig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Science University Complutense of Madrid Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Animal Reproduction INIA Madrid 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