{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T17:16:20Z","timestamp":1774286180368,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,8]],"date-time":"2016-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy of four final irrigation protocols on the reduction of hard\u2010tissue debris accumulated within the mesial root canal system of mandibular first molars using micro\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty mesial roots of mandibular molars with a single and continuous isthmus connecting the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals (Vertucci's Type I configuration) were selected and scanned at a resolution of 8.6\u00a0\u03bcm. Canals were enlarged sequentially using WaveOne Small and Primary instruments activated in reciprocating motion without intracanal irrigation to allow debris to accumulate within the mesial root canal system. Then, specimens were anatomically matched and distributed into four groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010), according to the final irrigation protocol: apical positive pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APP<\/jats:styled-content>), passive ultrasonic irrigation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PUI<\/jats:styled-content>), Self\u2010adjusting File (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAF<\/jats:styled-content>) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">XP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010endo Finisher (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">XPF<\/jats:styled-content>). The final irrigation procedures were performed over 2\u00a0min using a total of 5.5\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content> of 2.5% Na<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OC<\/jats:styled-content>l <jats:italic>per<\/jats:italic> canal. Reconstructed data sets were coregistered, and the mean percentage reduction of accumulated hard\u2010tissue debris after the final irrigation procedures was compared statistically between groups using the <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc><jats:italic>post hoc<\/jats:italic> Tukey test with a significance level set at 5%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reduction of accumulated hard\u2010tissue debris was observed in all groups after the final irrigation protocol. Overall, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PUI<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">XPF<\/jats:styled-content> groups had higher mean percentage reductions of accumulated hard\u2010tissue debris (94.1% and 89.7%, respectively) than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APP<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAF<\/jats:styled-content> groups (45.7% and 41.3%, respectively) (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05). No significant differences were found when comparing the results of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PUI<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">XPF<\/jats:styled-content> groups (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05) or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APP<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAF<\/jats:styled-content> groups (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PUI<\/jats:styled-content> technique and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">XP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010endo Finisher instrument were associated with significantly lower levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHTD<\/jats:styled-content> compared with conventional irrigation and the modified <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAF<\/jats:styled-content> system protocol in mesial root canals of mandibular molars.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,19]],"date-time":"2016-03-19T10:08:27Z","timestamp":1458382107000},"page":"398-406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":139,"title":["<i>Ex vivo<\/i> evaluation of four final irrigation protocols on the removal of hard\u2010tissue debris from the mesial root canal system of mandibular first molars"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"G. B.","family":"Leoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Dental School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP Brazil"}]},{"given":"M. A.","family":"Versiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Dental School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP Brazil"}]},{"given":"Y. T.","family":"Silva\u2010Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics Faculty of Dentistry University of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP Brazil"}]},{"given":"J. F. B.","family":"Bruniera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics Faculty of Dentistry University of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP Brazil"}]},{"given":"J. D.","family":"P\u00e9cora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Dental School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP Brazil"}]},{"given":"M. D.","family":"Sousa\u2010Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Dental School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP Brazil"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2011.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2007.01244.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2013.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2014.11.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2012.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2010.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"FKG(2015)XP\u2010Endo Finisher Technical Guide. 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