{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T09:18:53Z","timestamp":1768641533956,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]],"date-time":"2009-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> <jats:bold>WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022\u2003In previous work, we showed a long\u2010term and concentration\u2010dependent beneficial effect of the non\u2010nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz (EFV) on high\u2010density lipoproteins (HDL) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u2010infected patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022\u2003Furthermore, it has been suggested that instead of the current practice of only measuring HDL\u2010chelesterol values, the evaluation of HDL function, namely its antioxidant properties, might be an improved tool for identifying subjects at increased risk for cardiovascular events.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022\u2003Paraoxonase\u20101 (PON\u20101) is an enzyme associated with HDL that is responsible for HDL antioxidant function.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022\u2003In the present work, we studied the effect of EFV on the activity of PON\u20101 and showed, for the first time, that EFV\u2010based antiretroviral therapy is associated with a better antioxidant function, i.e. with a higher PON\u20101 activity.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>AIMS<\/jats:bold> A long\u2010term and concentration\u2010dependent beneficial effect of efavirenz (EFV) on cholesterol associated with high\u2010density lipoprotein (HDL\u2010c) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u2010infected patients has been documented. Furthermore, it has been suggested that, instead of the current practice of only measuring HDL\u2010c values, the evaluation of HDL quality might be an improved tool for identifying subjects at increased risk of cardiovascular events. Paraoxonase\u20101 (PON\u20101) is an enzyme associated with HDL that is involved in the onset of cardiovascular disease and responsible for HDL antioxidant function. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of EFV on the circulating activity of PON\u20101 in HIV\u2010infected patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>METHODS<\/jats:bold> The patients included were adults with a documented HIV\u20101 infection, nontreated or treated with antiretroviral regimens including EFV 600\u2003mg once daily as first therapeutic regimen for at least 3 months. The influence of treatment with EFV, HDL\u2010c and CD4 cell count on PON\u20101 activity was analysed.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold> HIV\u2010infected White patients treated with EFV had higher PON\u20101 activity [77.35\u2003U\u2003l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (65.66, 89.04)] (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and higher PON\u20101 activity\u2003:\u2003HDL\u2010c ratio [1.88 (1.49, 2.28)] (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) than untreated patients. PON\u20101 activity was higher in Black patients (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and in patients with a CD4 cell count &gt;500 cells\u2003ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.0120).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:bold> EFV\u2010based antiretroviral regimens are associated with HDL particles with a better antioxidant function, i.e. with a higher PON\u20101 activity. The PON\u20101 activity of Black patients is higher than that found in Whites regardless of treatment. Ethnicity should be taken into consideration when studying drug effects on PON\u20101 activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2009.03535.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]],"date-time":"2009-09-01T11:45:04Z","timestamp":1251805504000},"page":"891-897","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of efavirenz on high\u2010density lipoprotein antioxidant properties in HIV\u2010infected patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"S. A.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J. 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