{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T20:05:37Z","timestamp":1768075537232,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,18]],"date-time":"2008-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1216339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Human Nutrition Diet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold> Elemental and semi\u2010elemental formulas are used to feed infants with short bowel syndrome, who may not be able to tolerate feeds of more than 310\u2003mOsm\u2003kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. The present study aimed to measure the osmolality of elemental and semi\u2010elemental formulas at different concentrations, with and without the addition of nonprotein energy supplements.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> The osmolality of one elemental and three semi\u2010elemental formulas was measured by the freezing point depression method at concentrations of 10, 12, 14 and 16\u2003g\u2003per 100\u2003mL, with and without 10% or 20% of additional calories, in the form of glucose polymers and medium chain triglycerides. Inter\u2010analysis and intra\u2010analysis coefficients of variation of the measurements were less than 3.9%.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> The mean osmolalities of formulas reconstituted up to 12\u2003g\u2003per 100\u2003mL did not exceed 305.3\u2003mOsm\u2003kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, even with added energy supplements. The mean osmolalities of formulas at 14 and 16\u2003g\u2003per 100\u2003mL, with or without added energy supplements varied between 205.8 and 421.6\u2003mOsm\u2003kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> A comprehensive list of elemental and semi\u2010elemental formulas at different concentrations, enriched or not with calories, is made available. This will enable professionals to customize feeds with the optimum composition, without exceeding the osmolality suggested for infants with short bowel syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-277x.2008.00897.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,18]],"date-time":"2008-07-18T19:13:44Z","timestamp":1216408424000},"page":"584-590","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Osmolality of elemental and semi\u2010elemental formulas supplemented with nonprotein energy supplements"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Pereira\u2010da\u2010Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Pitta\u2010Gr\u00f3s Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Virella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Serelha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.57.2.278","article-title":"Commentary on breast\u2010feeding and infant formulas, included proposed standard formulas","volume":"57","author":"American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Nutrition","year":"1976","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607186010006646"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/36.5.950"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.55.11.883"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Lipid requirements in infants with digestive diseases with references to short bowel syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Goulet O.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200403000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(03)00070-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19910075"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.43.4.478"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.6.1395S","article-title":"Nutrient requirements for preterm infant formulas","volume":"132","author":"Klein C.J.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000187817.38836.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511544712.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/713605558"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602736"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.06.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200404000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"383","volume-title":"Nutritional Needs of the Preterm Infant. Scientific Basis and Practical Guidelines","author":"Thureen P.J.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"71","volume-title":"Nutrition in Pediatrics","author":"Vanderhoof J.A.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"393","volume-title":"Diseases of the Small Intestine in Childhood","author":"Walker\u2010Smith J.","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-277X.2008.00897.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-277X.2008.00897.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T16:58:28Z","timestamp":1695920308000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-277X.2008.00897.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,11]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-277X.2008.00897.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-277x.2008.00897.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0952-3871","1365-277X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0952-3871","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-277X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-11-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}