{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T06:11:41Z","timestamp":1791180701335,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000192","name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA23OAR4590137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA23OAR4590137"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000192","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Flood Risk Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Flooding is a disruptive and devastating natural hazard for communities all around the world. To combat the negative effects of flooding, it has become a global priority to implement and research flood early warning systems (FEWS). However, previous research did not comprehensively examine both the technological and social dimensions of FEWS nor the knowledge of their availability and status around the world. To address these gaps, this paper completes a narrative review and synthesizes best practices in FEWS warning and system design, and introduces a \u201cFEWS Around the World\u201d repository which catalogs 3\u20134 examples per region across six continents. Our analysis shows that while most FEWS include design features outlined in the literature such as timeliness, human capacity, and integration, fewer implement novel components related to impact\u2010based warnings, participatory science, bottom\u2010up approaches, advanced technology, and maintaining a preparedness fund, highlighting gaps and opportunities for improvement. Examples demonstrate how these characteristics manifest in diverse contexts, from community\u2010based systems in Nepal to AI\u2010driven systems like Google's Flood Hub. By bridging design principles with observed global practices, this paper is designed to aid researchers, practitioners, and communities in people\u2010centered FEWS development, implementation, and operation, improving resilient flood risk management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfr3.70145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T17:11:31Z","timestamp":1761757891000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Designing Effective Flood Early Warning Systems: A Review of Barriers, Best Practices, and Key Characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Patrick","family":"Painter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nurture Nature Center  Easton Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Semmens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nurture Nature Center  Easton Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keri","family":"Maxfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nurture Nature Center  Easton Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9186-6595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Catto\u00ebn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences New Zealand  Christchurch New Zealand"},{"name":"Te P\u016bnaha Matatini University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel Hogan","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nurture Nature Center  Easton Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18072255"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2018.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2018.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"Review of the Flash Flood Guidance System (FFGS) With Global Coverage Project","author":"Barrett C. 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B.Bedient S.Brody andM.Zaretsky.2023.\u201cFlood Early Warning Systems (FEWS) Guidance Document for Texas (Contract No. 2101792481).\u201dTexas Water Development Board.https:\/\/www.twdb.texas.gov\/publications\/reports\/contracted_reports\/doc\/2101792481.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-61278-8_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2018.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-98989-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/asr\u201020\u201085\u20102023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"Golding B. 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