{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:10:06Z","timestamp":1792804206575,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,16]],"date-time":"2016-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Policy Practice Intel Disabi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Producing accessible information for people with intellectual disabilities has been seen as a priority for the past 20 years. Easy\u2010read resources are now widely available and several guidelines have been produced to support their development. However, little is known about the effectiveness of easy\u2010read resources and the specific components that make it effective. A systematic review of the literature in electronic databases (Medline, Embase, BNI, CINAHL, HMIC, PsycINFO, ERIC, PubMed, and Cochrane Library) conducted between November 2013 and January 2014 yielded 11 publications that attempted to evaluate the impact of easy\u2010read resources. The large variation in methodology among studies prevented a direct comparison of results; however, there were mixed findings concerning the impact of adding illustrations to written text on comprehension. A reader's level of familiarity with symbols emerged as an important factor, particularly with more abstract symbol systems that require some learning. Photographs and illustrations were generally found to be helpful, although it was acknowledged that these can be confusing and clear explanations are needed to ensure the correct message is conveyed. The format and level of difficulty of the text played an important role in the overall accessibility of information and particular linguistic features were associated with increased understanding. The methodological limitations of these studies were also considered and used to inform recommendations for future research. More attention needs to be focused on evaluating and distributing easy\u2010read information, as well as producing it.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jppi.12201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,16]],"date-time":"2016-11-16T14:36:32Z","timestamp":1479306992000},"page":"297-310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["The Evidence for Easy\u2010Read for People With Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rebekah Joy","family":"Sutherland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Services for People with Intellectual Disabilities Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust  United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Isherwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Services for People with Intellectual Disabilities Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust  United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Symbols now","author":"Abbott C.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12088"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"Sounds of still voices: Issues in the use of narrative methods with people who have learning difficulties","author":"Booth T.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Disability and Society: Emerging Issues and Insights"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","volume-title":"Learning disability: Definitions and contexts","author":"British Psychological Society","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/096979599799155894"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","volume-title":"Systematic reviews: CRD's guidance for undertaking reviews in health care. Centre for Reviews and Dissemination","author":"Centre for Reviews and Dissemination","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7748\/ldp2008.02.11.1.12.c8193"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","volume-title":"Valuing people now","author":"Department of Health","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","volume-title":"Making written information easier to understand for people with learning disabilities","author":"Department of Health","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","volume-title":"Literacy through symbols: Improving access for children and adults","author":"Detheridge T.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","volume-title":"British ability scales second edition (BAS II): Administration and scoring manual","author":"Elliott C. D.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"Emerson E. &Hatton C.(2008). CEDR Research Report 2008 (1): People with Learning Disabilities in England."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12065"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13269780050144262"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-5394.1999.07304.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","volume-title":"Make it simple, European guidelines for the production of easy\u2010to\u2010read information for people with learning disability","author":"Freyhoff G.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2006.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7748\/ldp2011.10.14.8.32.c8742"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"Communication for Health","author":"Gowland S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07434619012331275284"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12097"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2006.00787.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2006.00926.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3148.2006.00353.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","unstructured":"Mander C.(2013).An investigation of the accessible information process for adults with learning disabilities (Unpublished doctoral thesis University of Portsmouth United Kingdom). Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/eprints.port.ac.uk\/12752\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","volume-title":"Am I making myself clear? Mencap's guidelines for accessible writing","author":"Mencap","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","volume-title":"Mencap's make it clear: A guide to making easy read information","author":"Mencap","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07434618512331273541"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.5402.131"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","unstructured":"Nomura M. Nielsen G. S. &Tronbacke B.(2010).Guidelines for Easy\u2010to\u2010read Materials IFLA Professional Reports No. 120. The Hague: International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7748\/ldp2012.12.15.10.18.c9458"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Accessible information: Think 'CAAPITT'","volume":"13","author":"Oldreive W.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Learning Disability Today"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13595471311295950"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3148.2006.00334.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7748\/ldp.9.2.8.s11"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","unstructured":"Rodgers J. Townsley R. Folkes E. Tarleton E. Mears C. Levy G. \u2026Thurman S.(2004).Information for All: evidence based guidance on producing accessible information for people with learning disabilities. Available at:http:\/\/www.bristol.ac.uk\/norahfry\/research\/completed-projects\/infoforall.pdf[accessed 16 June 2014]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07434618612331273980"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","unstructured":"Social Care Institute for Excellence(2005).How to produce information in an accessible way(Social Care Accessibility Guidelines) Available at:www.scie.org.uk\/publications\/misc\/accessguidelines-publications.pdf[accessed 16 June 2014]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07434619612331277708"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2788.2001.00329.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3156.2001.00108.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","unstructured":"UN General Assembly Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 13 December2006 A\/RES\/61\/106 Annex I available at:http:\/\/www.refworld.org\/docid\/4680cd212.html[accessed 18 June 2014]"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2524.2005.00593.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13595471311295969"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3156.2005.00346.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","volume-title":"Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence","author":"Wechsler D.","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjppi.12201","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjppi.12201","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jppi.12201","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T14:27:31Z","timestamp":1696170451000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jppi.12201"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,16]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jppi.12201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jppi.12201","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-1122","1741-1130"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-1122","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-1130","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-09-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-08-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-11-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}