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In plants, the role of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DGK<\/jats:styled-content>s is less clear, as Ptd<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content> seems to arise mostly from phospholipase D activity. Here, we investigated the function of the <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic> gene encoding <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DGK<\/jats:styled-content>4, which is highly expressed in pollen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>, pollen tubes from homozygous <jats:italic>dgk4<\/jats:italic> plants showed normal morphology, but reduced growth rate and altered stiffness and adhesion properties (revealed by atomic force microscopy). <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> dgk4<\/jats:italic> pollen was able to fertilize wild\u2010type ovules, but self\u2010pollination in <jats:italic>dgk4<\/jats:italic> plants led to fewer seeds and shorter siliques. Phenotypic analysis revealed that the <jats:italic>dgk4<\/jats:italic> mutation affects not only the male germ line but also the vegetative tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DGK<\/jats:styled-content>4\u2010green fluorescent protein fusion imaging revealed a cytosolic localization with a slightly higher signal in the subapical or apical region. <jats:italic>dgk4<\/jats:italic> pollen tubes were found to exhibit perturbations in membrane recycling, and lipid analysis revealed a minor increase of Ptd<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content> concomitant with decreased phosphatidylcholine, compared with wild\u2010type.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> DGK<\/jats:styled-content>4 was found to exhibit kinase and guanylyl cyclase activity. Quantitative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> data revealed downregulation of genes related to actin dynamics and phosphoinositide metabolism in mutant pollen, but upregulation of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DGK<\/jats:styled-content>6 isoform. Altogether, these results are discussed considering a role of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DGK<\/jats:styled-content>4 in signalling cross\u2010talk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.15674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]],"date-time":"2019-01-10T06:56:53Z","timestamp":1547103413000},"page":"1434-1446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["A role for diacylglycerol kinase\u00a04 in signalling crosstalk during <i>Arabidopsis<\/i> pollen tube growth"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"222","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8109-2063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Vaz Dias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias de Lisboa BioISI Universidade de Lisboa 1749\u2010016 Lisbon 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