{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T14:56:34Z","timestamp":1786460194605,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this scoping review is to describe and map the evidence on COVID-19 and H1N1 vaccination hesitancy or refusal among physicians, nurses, and pharmacists across North America, the United Kingdom, Europe, and Australia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When global pandemics occur, including the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, which originated in 2020, and the swine flu influenza pandemic (H1N1) of 2009, there is increased pressure for pharmaceutical companies and government agencies to develop safe and effective vaccines against these highly contagious illnesses. Following development and approvals, it then becomes essential that priority populations, including frontline health care providers, opt to receive these vaccinations to prevent illness and potential transmission to their patients. However, vaccine hesitancy or refusal has played a significant role in suboptimal vaccination rates globally. As health care providers, including physicians, nurses, and pharmacists, often administer vaccines, their vaccination views and behaviors are of great importance because they can directly affect the vaccination decisions of their patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Inclusion criteria:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The review will identify factors affecting COVID-19 and H1N1 vaccine hesitancy or refusal among physicians, nurses, and pharmacists across a range of countries. Published and unpublished evidence, including quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods research, and gray literature, will be eligible for inclusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review protocol will follow JBI methodology. The search strategy will be developed with support from a health sciences librarian scientist to identify relevant evidence. Screening and data extraction will be conducted by two reviewers, with findings summarized and presented through narrative descriptions, tables, and figures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.11124\/jbies-21-00129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T01:00:32Z","timestamp":1636419632000},"page":"173-180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Identifying COVID-19 and H1N1 vaccination hesitancy or refusal among health care providers across North America, the United Kingdom, Europe, and Australia: a scoping review protocol"],"prefix":"10.11124","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Allyson J.","family":"Gallant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Steenbeek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet A.","family":"Curran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada"},{"name":"Aligning Health Needs and Evidence for Transformative Change (AH-NET-C): A JBI Centre of Excellence, Halifax, NS, Canada"},{"name":"IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"(1)","key":"R1-20250613","first-page":"157","article-title":"WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic","volume":"91","author":"Cucinotta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Bio-Medica Atenei Parm"},{"key":"R2-20250613","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2020.103811","article-title":"Estimating the burden of COVID-19 on the Australian healthcare workers and health system during the first six months of the pandemic","volume":"114","author":"Quigley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"issue":"(10263)","key":"R3-20250613","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32318-7","article-title":"Challenges in creating herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection by mass vaccination","volume":"396","author":"Anderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R5-20250613","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m4759","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m4759","article-title":"Vaccinating the UK: how the covid vaccine was approved, and other questions answered","volume":"371","author":"Mahase","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"(50)","key":"R6-20250613","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6950e2","article-title":"The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices\u2019 interim recommendation for use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine - United States, December 2020","volume":"69","author":"Oliver","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"R10-20250613","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n597","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n597","article-title":"Covid-19: where are we on vaccines and variants?","volume":"372","author":"Mahase","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"(6537)","key":"R11-20250613","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1126\/science.372.6537.14","article-title":"Side effect worry grows for AstraZeneca vaccine","volume":"372","author":"Vogel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"(9)","key":"R13-20250613","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70121-4","article-title":"Estimated global mortality associated with the first 12 months of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus circulation: a modelling study","volume":"12","author":"Dawood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"(34)","key":"R16-20250613","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.04.036","article-title":"SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy. 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