{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:14:40Z","timestamp":1789704880942,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,13]],"date-time":"2015-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001732","name":"Danish National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["(504-14)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(504-14)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001732","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"New Findings<\/jats:title>\n\nWhat is the central question of this study?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\nTemperature\u2010sensitive mechanisms are thought to contribute to blood\u2010flow regulation, but the relationship between exercising and non\u2010exercising limb perfusion and blood temperature is not established.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n\nWhat is the main finding and its importance?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\nThe close coupling among perfusion, blood temperature and aerobic metabolism in exercising and non\u2010exercising extremities across different exercise modalities and activity levels and the tight association between limb vasodilatation and increases in plasma ATP suggest that both temperature\u2010 and metabolism\u2010sensitive mechanisms are important for the control of human limb perfusion, possibly by activating ATP release from the erythrocytes.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Temperature\u2010sensitive mechanisms may contribute to blood\u2010flow regulation, but the influence of temperature on perfusion to exercising and non\u2010exercising human limbs is not established. Blood temperature (T<\/jats:italic>B<\/jats:sub>), blood flow and oxygen uptake ( in the legs and arms were measured in 16 healthy humans during 90\u00a0min of leg and arm exercise and during exhaustive incremental leg or arm exercise. During prolonged exercise, leg blood flow (LBF) was fourfold higher than arm blood flow (ABF) in association with higher T<\/jats:italic>B<\/jats:sub> and limb Leg and arm vascular conductance during exercise compared with rest was related closely to T<\/jats:italic>B<\/jats:sub> (r<\/jats:italic>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.91; P\u00a0<\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05), plasma ATP (r<\/jats:italic>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.94; P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.05) and limb (r<\/jats:italic>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.99; P\u00a0<\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05). During incremental leg exercise, LBF increased in association with elevations in T<\/jats:italic>B<\/jats:sub> and limb whereas ABF, arm T<\/jats:italic>B<\/jats:sub> and remained largely unchanged. During incremental arm exercise, both ABF and LBF increased in relationship to similar increases in In 12 trained males, increases in femoral T<\/jats:italic>B<\/jats:sub> and LBF during incremental leg exercise were mirrored by similar pulmonary artery T<\/jats:italic>B<\/jats:sub> and cardiac output dynamics, suggesting that processes in active limbs dominate central temperature and perfusion responses. The present data reveal a close coupling among perfusion, T<\/jats:italic>B<\/jats:sub> and aerobic metabolism in exercising and non\u2010exercising extremities and a tight association between limb vasodilatation and increases in plasma ATP. These findings suggest that temperature and contribute to the regulation of limb perfusion through control of intravascular ATP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep085383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,13]],"date-time":"2015-08-13T09:54:31Z","timestamp":1439459671000},"page":"1118-1131","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Blood temperature and perfusion to exercising and non\u2010exercising human limbs"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Alonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sports Medicine and Human Performance Brunel University London Uxbridge UK"},{"name":"The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 A. L.","family":"Calbet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Physical Education, and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Boushel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"School of Kinesiology University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rn W.","family":"Helge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Centre for Healthy Ageing Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"S\u00f8ndergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thor","family":"Munch\u2010Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerrit","family":"van Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan P.","family":"Mortensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels H.","family":"Secher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen 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