{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T20:02:13Z","timestamp":1762459333375},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]],"date-time":"2015-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>New Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>What is the central question of this study?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Does the exocrine pancreas have an impact on endocrine pancreatic function and peripheral nutrient utilization?<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>What is the main finding and its importance?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>In an exocrine pancreas\u2010insufficient pig model, the insulin response to a glucose load was delayed. Oral enzyme supplementation did not improve the insulin release but facilitated blood glucose clearance. These results suggest an acino\u2010insular axis communication affecting islet function and an impact of gut pancreatic enzymes on blood glucose utilization.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:label \/><jats:p>The effect of exocrine pancreatic function on the glucose\u2010mediated insulin response and glucose utilization were studied in an exocrine pancreas\u2010insufficient (EPI) pig model. Five 10\u2010week\u2010old EPI pigs after pancreatic duct ligation and 6 age\u2010matched, non\u2010operated control pigs were used in the study. Blood glucose, plasma insulin and C\u2010peptide concentrations were monitored during meal (MGTT), oral (OGTT) and intravenous (IVGTT) glucose tolerance tests. Upon post\u2010mortem examination, the pancreatic remnants of the EPI pigs showed acinar fibrotic atrophy but normal islets and \u03b2\u2010cell morphology. The EPI pigs displayed increased fasting glucose concentrations compared with control animals (6.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4 <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 4.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0mmol\u00a0l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) but unchanged insulin concentrations (2.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.6 <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 2.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2\u00a0pmol\u00a0l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). During the OGTT and IVGTT, the EPI pigs showed slower, impaired glucose utilization, with the disruption of a well\u2010timed insulin response. Plasma C\u2010peptide concentrations confirmed the delayed insulin response during the IVGTT in EPI pigs. Oral pancreatic enzyme supplementation (PES) of EPI pigs improved glucose clearance during IVGTT [AUC<jats:sub>glucose<\/jats:sub> 1295\u00a0\u00b1\u00a070\u00a0mmol\u00a0l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0(120\u00a0min) in EPI <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 1044\u00a0\u00b1\u00a032\u00a0mmol\u00a0l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0(120\u00a0min) in EPI\u00a0+\u00a0PES, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001] without reinforcing the release of insulin [AUC<jats:sub>C\u2010peptide<\/jats:sub> 14.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.8\u00a0nmol\u00a0l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0(120\u00a0min) in EPI <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 6.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3\u00a0nmol\u00a0l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0(120\u00a0min) in EPI\u00a0+\u00a0PES, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.002]. The results suggest the existence of an acino\u2010insular axis regulatory communication. The presence of pancreatic enzymes in the gut facilitates glucose utilization in an insulin\u2010independent manner, indicating the existence of a gut\u2010derived pancreatic enzyme\u2010dependent mechanism involved in peripheral glucose utilization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep085431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,13]],"date-time":"2015-12-13T02:25:44Z","timestamp":1449973544000},"page":"100-112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Decreased insulin secretion and glucose clearance in exocrine pancreas\u2010insufficient pigs"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Liudmyla","family":"Lozinska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Westr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Lund University  Lund 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