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These findings support the use of fish oil in order to reduce the impact of heart ischaemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>\u03c9\u20103 Polyunsaturated fatty acid (\u03c9\u20103 PUFA)\u2010rich fish oil supplementation has protective effects on heart ischaemic injury. Left ventricular (LV) ischaemia was induced in rats by permanent ligation of the left descending coronary artery. Saline, fish oil or soybean oil was administered daily by gavage [3\u00a0g\u00a0(kg body weight)<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>] for 20\u00a0days before inducing ischaemia. Outcomes were assessed 24\u00a0h after left descending coronary artery ligation. Pretreatment with fish oil decreased the \u03c9\u20106\/\u03c9\u20103 fatty acid ratio in the LV. A reduction in infarct size and in the intensity of ventricular systolic dysfunction was found in the fish oil group compared with the saline or soybean oil groups through echocardiographic evaluation. Before infarction, LV glycogen concentrations were decreased in the fish oil group compared with the saline group. Soybean oil pretreatment led to a further increase in the LV levels of CINC\u20102\/\u03b1\u03b2, IL\u20101\u03b2 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 induced by the heart infarction. In heart\u2010infarcted rats, fish oil pretreatment decreased creatine kinase and caspase\u20103 activities; prevented the decrease in the coronary blood flow; increased LV contents of ATP and lactate; increased the mRNA levels of iNOS, eNOS, HIF1\u03b1, GLUT1, VEGF\u2010\u03b1 and p53 in the LV as measured by RT\u2010PCR; and did not change LV pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine concentrations compared with the control group. Fish oil protected the heart from ischaemia, as indicated by the decrease in the heart infarction area and systolic dysfunction associated with increased LV ATP concentrations and maintenance of the coronary blood flow with no change in pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep086332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,7]],"date-time":"2017-09-07T02:52:44Z","timestamp":1504752764000},"page":"1459-1473","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Pretreatment with fish oil attenuates heart ischaemia consequences in rats"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"102","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1889-1302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alcione","family":"Lescano de Souza Junior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Department University of Mato Grosso C\u00e1ceres Mato Grosso Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Mancini 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