{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T10:43:05Z","timestamp":1790678585229,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,11]],"date-time":"2018-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15H3079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15H3079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>New Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the central question of this study?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Premenopausal women have an attenuated inspiratory muscle metaboreflex\u2010induced increase in arterial blood pressure compared with men. It is unclear whether sympathetic vasomotor outflow during dynamic exercise with increased inspiratory muscle activation is less in young women than in men.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the main finding and its importance?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>The magnitude of increased sympathetic vasomotor outflow during leg cycling with inspiratory resistance was smaller in women than in men. Less sympathetic vasomotor outflow with inspiratory muscle metaboreflex activation could be one of the mechanisms for the attenuated inspiratory muscle\u2010induced metaboreflex during exercise in young women.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We compared changes in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and cardiovascular variables during leg cycle exercise with increased inspiratory muscle resistance in men and women. We hypothesized that sympathetic vasomotor outflow during exercise with increased inspiratory resistance would be attenuated in young women compared with age\u2010matched men. Eight women and seven men completed the study. The subjects performed two 10\u00a0min exercise bouts at 40% peak oxygen uptake using a cycle ergometer in a semirecumbent position [spontaneous breathing for 5\u00a0min and voluntary hyperventilation with or without inspiratory resistive breathing for 5\u00a0min (breathing frequency 50\u00a0breaths\u00a0min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> with a 50% duty cycle; inspiratory resistance 30% of maximal inspiratory pressure)]. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was acquired using finger photoplethysmography. The MSNA was recorded via microneurography of the right median nerve at the cubital fossa. During leg cycle exercise with inspiratory resistive breathing, MSNA burst frequency was increased, accompanied by an increase in MAP in both men and women. Women, compared with men, had less of an increase in MAP (women +22.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012.3\u00a0mmHg <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> men +32.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.4\u00a0mmHg; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and MSNA burst frequency (women +9.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.9\u00a0bursts\u00a0min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> men +14.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.4\u00a0bursts\u00a0min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). These results suggest that the attenuated inspiratory muscle\u2010induced metaboreflex during exercise in young women is attributable, in part, to a lesser sympathetic vasomotor outflow compared with men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep086817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]],"date-time":"2018-01-15T11:56:38Z","timestamp":1516017398000},"page":"570-580","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Elevated sympathetic vasomotor outflow in response to increased inspiratory muscle activity during exercise is less in young women compared with men"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7245-3496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keisho","family":"Katayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports Nagoya University  Nagoya Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya University  Nagoya 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of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports Nagoya University  Nagoya Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya University  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3809-499X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teruhiko","family":"Koike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports Nagoya University  Nagoya Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya University  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Iwase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine Aichi Medical University  Nagakute Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig A.","family":"Harms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology Kansas State University  Manhattan KS 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