{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T23:57:30Z","timestamp":1775260650243,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,11]],"date-time":"2018-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11532003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11532003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>New Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            <jats:bold>What is the central question of this study?<\/jats:bold>\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                          <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate artesunate for its use as a bronchodilator in asthma treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            <jats:bold>What is the main finding and its importance?<\/jats:bold>\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            We found that artesunate reduces airway resistance in both normal and ovalbumin\u2010treated Balb\/c mice\n                            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                            . Artesunate reduces traction force while inducing Ca\n                            <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                            influx into cultured airway smooth muscle cells\n                            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                            , most probably via the bitter taste receptor. These findings provide important evidence at both animal and cellular levels that artesunate might potentially be used as a bronchodilator for treating obstructive airway diseases, such as asthma.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Following the surprising discovery that bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) expressed in the lung and can be stimulated to relax airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), there is great interest in searching for a bitter taste receptor agonist as a new bronchodilator for asthma therapy. Among the great many other natural bitter substances, artesunate is of special interest to be evaluated for this purpose because of its pharmacological value as a derivative from the well\u2010known anti\u2010malarial, artemisinin. Therefore, in this study we treated either normal or ovalbumin (OVA)\u2010induced asthmatic Balb\/c mice\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      with artesunate (30, 60 or 120\u00a0\u03bcg) via aerosol inhalation. Subsequently, we measured the airway resistance of the mice in the presence or absence of artesunate. In addition, we treated either mouse or human ASMCs cultured\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      with artesunate (0.25\u20132.0\u00a0mM) and then measured the traction force and [Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      ]\n                      <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                      flux of the cells in the presence or absence of artesunate. The results demonstrate that artesunate attenuated airway resistance in a dose\u2010dependent manner in both the normal and the OVA\u2010treated mice, but more potently in the latter. The\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      efficacy of artesunate at 120\u00a0\u03bcg was comparable to that of the conventional bronchodilator, salbutamol, at 3\u00a0\u03bcg in terms of the reduction in airway resistance. Artesunate also reduced traction force and induced an increase in [Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      ]\n                      <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                      in the cultured ASMCs, which was mediated, at least in part, by TAS2R signalling in the human ASMCs. These results together suggest that artesunate might potentially be a cheap and safe bronchodilator to complement the current therapy of asthma.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep086824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]],"date-time":"2018-10-31T09:01:21Z","timestamp":1540976481000},"page":"231-243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Artesunate attenuates airway resistance\n                    <i>in vivo<\/i>\n                    and relaxes airway smooth muscle cells\n                    <i>in vitro<\/i>\n                    via bitter taste receptor\u2010dependent calcium signalling"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medical Engineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China"},{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science &amp; School of Nursing Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aili","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medical Engineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China"},{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science &amp; School of Nursing Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University Changzhou Jiangsu 213003 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huilong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medical Engineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medical Engineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medical Engineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medical Engineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1970-8239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linhong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medical Engineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China"},{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science &amp; School of Nursing Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00126.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/rr195"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80706-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"10640","article-title":"IL\u201021 does not involve in OVA\u2010induced airway remodeling and chronic airway inflammation","volume":"8","author":"Chen H.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal Clinical Experiment Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020932"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00303.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(99)77386-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2237"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.08530618","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of \u03b2 agonists","volume":"53","author":"Donohue J. 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